TNCC Questions And Answers

Energy forces: Tension - forces stretch by pulling at opposite ends. Example: Tensile strength describes the tissues ability to resist pulling apart when stretched. Tendons, ligaments, and muscles can tear when they are overstretched (Achilles tendon) Energy Forces: Compression - Compression forces crush by squeezing together. Example: Injuries to organs occur when the organs are crushed from surrounding internal organs or structures such as a seat belt worn up across the abdomen, causing compression of the small bowel or a fracture to the lumbar spine. Energy Forces: Bending - Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the side the person is bending toward and tension to the opposite side. Example: A force moves from a straight form to a curved form, such as bending forward from a standing position. Energy Forces: Shearing - Damage by tearing or bending by exerting force at different parts in opposite directions at the same time. Example: Describes the tissues ability to resist a force applied parallel to the tissue. An aortic aneurysm is an example: As the aorta is stretched beyond its capacity, the vessel is torn away from the attachment. Energy Forces: Torsion - Forces twist ends in opposite directions Twisting motion depends on the body's ability to resist applied torque. (A golfers spine twisting when swinging a golf club)