WGU D017 Quiz Reviews with Complete Solutions

WGU D017 Quiz Reviews with Complete Solutions Which case ruled that school segregation for students violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? Brown v. Board of Education Which remedy often proved to be the least expensive way to assist in the desegregation of schools? Rezoning Which criterion is used as part of the Lemon test to determine whether a government action violated the Establishment Clause? It's primary effect must not advance or inhibit religion. It must have a secular purpose. It must not result in excessive government entanglement. A group of high school students created an after-school club for LGBTQ youth. As part of their work, the club created a pamphlet on sexually transmitted diseases and promoted the use of contraception. The club submitted the pamphlet to the principal for approval to distribute to the student body. On what grounds would the principal be justified in denying their request? The pamphlet would cause reasonable disruption to the orderly operations of the school. In which situation is prayer allowed in public schools? Private prayer initiated by students that does not use school resources With the passage of ESSA, which accountability measure under NCLB were states no longer responsible for meeting? Adequate yearly progress Which aspect of education is typically within the control of local school boards? Curriculum offered within the district Which criterion for educational programs targeting ELs was established by Castañeda v. Pickard? Programs must be based on sound educational theory. Programs must be implemented effectively. Programs must be proven effective in overcoming language barriers after a trial period. During a school talent show, a student performed a rap song that negatively targeted and criticized several students and teachers at the school. The performance was the basis for a fight at lunch. Under which basis is disciplinary action by school administration warranted because the student overreached his First Amendment rights? Material and substantive disruption Many school boards have adjusted their policies on student dress and hairstyles. What is the major influence on these decisions? Such displays do not cause substantive disruption to the orderly operations of the school. A principal receives a call from a parent stating that her child informed her of a student who has been selling drugs at school. Which legal right gives school personnel the authority to search the student's locker and personal belongings? Reasonable suspicion The Dean of students at a local high school received an anonymous email accusing the senior class President of selling drugs from his locker. The email included the class President's locker combination and a price list for the drugs, along with names of students who allegedly purchased the drugs. What is the appropriate administrative action based on this email? Quietly interview the students listed to determine the reasonableness of a search. An assistant principal noticed two seventh-grade girls wearing controversial rock band T-shirts as they boarded the school bus for a field trip. The assistant principal removed the students and told them they could not go on the trip. The students were given in-school suspensions as an alternative. Which right did the assistant principal violate? Freedom of Speech An administrator suspends a student for five days pending a scheduled hearing to extend the suspension. During the five-day suspension, the administrator calls a meeting with the student and parent to explain the circumstances leading to the suspension and the need for a hearing. Of which aspect of school law is this meeting an example? Due Process In a suburban school district, two students fought in class, which caused a significant disruption to instruction. After removing the students from the classroom, the assistant principal hit each student three times with a paddle. Provided that the school is located in a state with no specific state-based legislation barring corporal punishment, how would the assistant principal's actions be justified? The use of corporal punishment is permissible since it has not been found to violate the Eighth Amendment. A transgender student complains to the principal that he is being harassed and and being ridicule by students. He explains that this started in the class of a specific teacher, where it happens almost daily, and the teacher encourages the behavior and sometimes participates. The principal has a discussion with the teacher and moves the student to a different class to remedy the situation. Although the student had no further problems with the teacher, the harassment from the students intensified in common areas. The principal asks for the names of those students, but the transgender student does not provide them in fear of retaliation. The principal's response is that he can not address the issue or discipline those students if he does not know who they were. What action should the principal have taken to ensure he was not acting in deliberate indifference? Create a plan to address the issue of harassment with the entire school population. A local high school junior disclosed to her counselor that a peer had been sending her vulgar and inappropriate texts via a messaging app. The student, reported that the texts included cruel references to her appearance and specifically stated various things that would happen if she shared this information with others. What is the appropriate next action for the counselor to take? Begin the formal cyber-bullying investigation process. Mrs. Gonzalez requested the most recent report card for her stepson, Jamie, from the front office. The records clerk stated he could not give the report card to her because she is not on the child's birth certificate. Which law supports Mrs. Gonzalez's request for student records? FERPA The police department calls the school to confirm that a 15-year-old student was present in class on a specific date and time. The individual calling notes that there a court order that substantiates this request According to FERPA, when can the school release this information? When the school is presented with a court order A principal at a middle school that hosts a coed soccer team has been receiving complaints about particular male players harassing and ridiculing the female players. Under which law must the principal act to address these complaints? Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 Which situation would be a violation of Title IX? Students must be able to bench press 100 pounds to participate in track and field. A middle school science teacher requested three personal days off in a row in early September. The principal denied the request because of the need for consistency and the lack of qualified substitutes in the district. The science teacher filed a grievance with the school board stating that she requested the days in observance of the Jewish High Holy Days. Which constitutional rights of the teacher may have been violated? Freedom of Religion A school asks only one teacher to participate in drug testing. On a number of occasions the principal has received multiple reports from other teachers and students that the teacher smelled of marijuana. Is the testing permitted, considering the teacher's expectation of privacy? Yes; it is permitted if there is a reasonable suspicion of drug use. In a right-to-work state with no teacher union representation, a teacher at a middle school wrote an op-ed article that was published in the local newspaper. The article was highly critical of the superintendent's and school board's decision to support measures to move forward with arming teachers and administrators with weapons in schools. The principal and superintendent met with the teacher after the article was published to instruct her not to write any more articles that would publicly paint the school district or its administration in a negative light. She was told that if she ignored these instructions, she would face reprimanding actions. Which right of the teacher are the administrators violating? Freedom of Speech During the course of the school year, the principal of a local high school has received many complaints from a gay male teacher stating that he is targeted and harassed by several parents, colleagues, and students. At the end of the school year, the principal decides not renew the teacher's contract, stating that it would be in his and the community's best interest. Which legal protection might the teacher seek? Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment A group of African American teachers in a right-to-work state that does not have union representation are organizing a petition in protest of the school district's decision to allow administrators to use corporal punishment as a form of discipline. This issue is of interest to this group of teachers because more than 90% of the students who face disciplinary action are African American. When the school district becomes aware of the petition, an email is sent to all employees to notify them that any individuals who participate in the petition will potentially face termination. Which law protects the teachers in this scenario? Federal civil rights statutes Immediately after a new teacher is hired at a public high school, he reveals that he is required by his religion to have time for a private prayer at noon each day. Based on this information, which action should the administrator take? Develop a schedule that allows the teacher a duty-free period at noon. Ms. Costa, the principal at a local middle school, noticed Mr. Thomas, the PE teacher, driving out of the school parking lot with his car filled with people. She observed several students in the back seat and determined there were not enough seatbelts for the passengers. When questioned about the incident, Mr. Thomas stated that the bus for the after-school bowling competition never arrived, and he had to get the students to the bowling alley in a hurry. Following an investigation, Ms. Costa issued a formal reprimand per the school district's administrative guide. Which item supports the formal reprimand? Failure to maintain student safety Mrs. Jones is a third-year teacher on an annual contract. She consistently receives low scores on her instructional evaluations in almost every dimension, including instructional practices and professionalism. Which constitutional rights should a principal be mindful of when considering a non-renewal for this teacher? Due Process A school district allows corporal punishment of students by administrators. The superintendent has received several complaints that a principal has excessively and violently used spanking as a form of punishment. The superintendent has never had a conversation with the principal because he felt his punishments must be effective, given the significant reduction in discipline issues at the school since the principal was hired. Which liability is the principal exposed to that the superintendent is not? Tort liability for intentional battery An assistant principal at a middle school receives a visit from a student who claims that he is worried that a fellow student and friend is considering committing suicide. The assistant principal takes notes and fully intends to follow up with the student's concern but forgets after she is immediately called to deal with several issues before the end of the school day. Later, she is notified by a colleague that the student is in critical condition due to a suicide attempt. Which legal consequence is the assistant principal now susceptible to? Tort liability for negligence Which guideline under IDEA requires that states and school districts provide an education, including specialized instruction and related services, that prepares children with disabilities for further education, employment, and independent living? Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) Which educational setting provides the least restrictive environment possible for students with mild to moderate disabilities such as SLD or ADHD? General education classroom with support Which federal law ensures that people with disabilities have physical access to public transportation? ADA Which accommodation is universally required for public P-12 schools under ADA? Accessible bathrooms on school campus When might a student no longer qualify for a Section 504 plan? When the student no longer has an impairment Which threshold qualifies a student under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973? Physical or mental impairment How does an IEP team determine a student's eligibility for special education services? The student must qualify under one of 13 disabilities and demonstrate a significant educational need. Which statement is true of Section 504 plans, but is not true of an IEP? Protects individuals with disabilities throughout their lives, in any type of school, employment, health or welfare program, or social service Who was considered the father of the common school movement in America? Horace Mann Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision found the separate but equal clause to violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, ordering an end to legally mandated race-segregated schools? Brown v. Board of Education Which statement accurately portrays how state and federal education legislation affects charter schools? Some, but not all, charter schools are subject to state and federal legislation. Which type of law or regulation determines the minimum graduation requirements for high school? State statutes Which type of law or regulation clarifies the scope of individuals' civil rights? Federal legislation Which level of government creates compulsory attendance law? State law