FTCE ESOL K-12 questions and answers well illustrated.

FTCE ESOL K-12 questions and answers well illustrated. Universal Grammar - correct answers.Chomsky-no dialect or language is more complex or sophisticated than the other. We are all born with the capacity to learn any language w/o formal instruction LAD - correct answers.Language Aquisition Device Generative Grammar - correct of rules that could be used to produce language Deep Structure - correct ideas, what we mean-derive meaning from social context Surface Structure - correct we say or write-literal meaning of words Natural Order Hypothesis - correct answers.Krashen- grammatical structures aquired in a predictable order, independent of the order grammar is taught Stages of SLA - correct answers.Krashen-Pre-production (silent period), early production, speech emergence, intermediate fluency, advanced fluency Input Hypothesis/Comprehensible Input - correct answers.Krashen-i+1, language input slightly above current level yields optimal growth Affective Filter - correct answers.Krashen-mental block can be produced by negative factors such as anxiety, low motivation, self confidence Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - correct answers.Vygotsky-distance between developmental level and level of potential development. Area between independent performance and assisted performance Communicative Competence - correct er's abiity to apply and use grammatical uses, form correct utterances and know how and when to use them appropriately. The ability to communicate effectively and to vary communication styles appropriately in various contexts. Social and pragmatic competence. Language Interference - correct t of L1 on production of L2 Negative Transfer - correct ference of previous learning inprocess of learning something new Interlanguage - correct age system "inbetween" L1 & L2 that student develops while learning the L2 but is neither L1 or L2 SUP - correct answers.Social underlying proficiency (conversational language) CUP - correct answers.Common underlying proficiency - commonalities between L1 & L2, skills, ideas, concepts that students learn in L1 transfer to L2 BICS - correct answers.Cummins-Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills - social setting language skills CALP - correct answers.Cummins-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - languatge needed to acquire academic skills and concepts Cummins Quadrant - correct answers.A-cognitively undemanding/context embedded; B-cognitively demanding/context embedded; C-cognitively undemanding/context reduced; D-cognitively demanding/context reduced Phoneme - correct of speech sounds, ie. /t/ are the smallest unit o sound that affects meaning. Monothong - correct part vowel Reduced Vowel - correct s in unstressed word or syllable -schwa most common Phonology - correct ization of speech sounds Homophone - correct words pronounced the same but different meaning & spelling, ie. carrot & carat Homonym - correct words spelled the same & sound the same, but that mean different things, ie. left & left Contrastive - correct e of meaning by replacing one sound (phoneme) with another