Fundamentals nursing 2nd yoost test bank

Fundamentals nursing 2nd yoost test bankChapter 02: Values, Beliefs, and Caring Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 2nd Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse identifies the concept of enduring ideas about what a person considers desirable or has worth in life is known by which term? a. Values b. First-order belief c. Higher-order belief d. Stereotype ANS: A Values are enduring ideas about what a person considers is the good, the best, and the “right” thing to do and their opposites—the bad, worst, and wrong things to do—and about what is desirable or has worth in life. First-order beliefs serve as the foundation or the basis of an individual’s belief system. Higher-order beliefs are ideas derived from a person’s first-order beliefs through inductive or deductive reasoning. A stereotype is a belief about a person, a group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all others in that category. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 2. A group of nursing students are discussing the history of nursing to a staff nurse. When a student states, “Yeah, nurses used to be called the doctors’ handmaidens.” the staff nurse recognizes that this comment is identified by which term? a. Prejudice b. Generalization c. Stereotype d. Belief ANS: C A stereotype is a belief about a person, a group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all others in that category. A prejudice is a preformed opinion, usually an unfavorable one, about an entire group of people that is based on insufficient knowledge, irrational feelings, or inaccurate stereotypes. In the process of learning, people form generalizations (general statements or ideas about people or things) to relate new information to what is already known and to categorize the new information, making it easier to remember or understand. A belief is a mental representation of reality or a person’s perceptions about what is right (correct), true, or real, or what the person expects to happen in a given situation. DIF: Understanding OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 3. A values system is a set of somewhat consistent values and measures that are organized hierarchically into a belief system on a continuum of relative importance. The nurse knows that a value system is also identified by which concept? TEST BANK FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 2ND EDITION BY YOOST NURSINGKING.COM Harryson NURSINGKING.COM a. It is culturally based. b. It is unique to each individual. c. It is a poor basis for making decisions. d. It is rigid and uniform within a culture. ANS: A Anthropologists and social scientists have noted that in every culture, a particular value system prevails and consists of culturally defined moral and ethical principles and rules that are learned in childhood. Everyone possesses a relatively small number of values and may share the same values with others, but to different degrees. A value system helps the person choose between alternatives, resolve values conflicts, and make decisions. Within every culture, however, values vary widely among subcultural groups and even between individuals on the basis of the person’s gender, personal experiences, personality, education, and many other variables. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 4. The nurse is caring for a patient who is under arrest for murder and is attempting to perform nursing care duties while, at the same time, feeling a sense of repugnance toward the patient. The nurse recognizes this situation is identified by which term? a. Value clarification b. Value conflict c. First-order beliefs d. Higher-order beliefs ANS: B A values conflict occurs when a person’s values are inconsistent with his or her behaviors or when the person’s values are not consistent with the choices that are available. Providing care for a convicted murderer may elicit troubling feelings for a nurse, resulting in a values conflict between the nurse’s commitment to care for all people and a personal repugnance for the act of murder. First-order beliefs serve as the foundation or the basis of an individual’s belief system. Higher-order beliefs are ideas derived from a person’s first-order beliefs, inductive, or syllogistic reasoning. DIF: Understanding OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 5. While helping patients with values clarification and care decisions, the nurse should complete which action? a. Convince the patient to do what the nurse believes is best. b. Give advice about what the nurse would do. c. Tell the patient what the right thing to do is. d. Provide information so the patient can make informed decisions. ANS: D