CER Final Exam Prep All Chapters Complete

CER Final Exam Prep All Chapters Complete Endoscopy - Visual examination of the interior structures of the body is called: Arthroscope - An example of a rigid endoscope is a/an: Insertion tube - The portion of the flexible endoscope that enters the body is called: bronchoscope - examines air passages in the lungs colonscopes - examine the colon gastroscopes - examine the small intestine,stomach and esophagus control body - contains hand controls,: angulation control knobs, elevator/lifter, air/water, suction control valves, remote video switches, biopsy port and focus mechanism. bending section - articulates to aid insertion into curved areas. deflection - ability of the tip of a flexible endoscope to bend using control knobs to increase the area that can be accessed by a physician. microorganisms - are organisms that can only be seen with the aid of a standard or electron microscope. bacteria - is a single celled microorganisms that multiply by splitting. symbiotic - are good bacteria that help in some way. pathogens - are capable of causing disease. fungi - a diverse group of microorganisms and plants that include microscopic fungi and yeasts. This can include mold, mushrooms, mildews and smuts. virulence - the ability of a microorganism to overcome a persons immune defenses and cause disease. gram stain - uses the bacterium's outer surfaces to determine which color the bacteria will stain. endospore stain - Endospores look like bubbles when gram stained. Because of their tough protein coats made of keratin, spores are highly resistant to normal staining procedures. capsule stain - Some bacteria have slimy capsules that give bacteria added protection from a defensive attack of immune cells. endospore - are tough dormant structure that some bacteria are able to form when cells find themselves in extreme peril conditions and are dying. anaerobes - Bacteria that do not need oxygen germinate - refers to the spore process moving from the dormant, highly-protected spore state to an active bacteria in a favorable environment. It is also referred as moving from the spore form back to a vegetative (non-spore) form as we capsules - are associated with bacterial virulence (the ability for a microorganism to overcome a person's immune system and cause disease). diploid - bacteria that are cocci shaped appearing in pairs. tetrad - bacteria that are cocci appearing in groups of four. cocci - spiral or ball-shaped bacteria bacilli - rod shaped bacteria DNA - carries genetic information of the organism. capsid - is the protective protein structure housing the DNA and RNA. Enveloped virus - are a delicate membrane around the capsid that is studded with proteins. Non-enveloped virus - are viruses without an envelope around the cuspid referred to as naked viruses. decontamination room parameters - temp: 60°F- 65°F, humidity: 20-60%, air exchanges: 10, air pressure: Negative safety data sheet - for the chemical steriliant or high-level disinfectant should be consulted for safety requirements. eye wash stations - should be located within a 10 second walk of the work area to enable workers to reach them quickly in an event of a chemical splash. sterile storage room parameters - temp: 60°F-75°F, humidity: Above 20%, air exchanges: 4, air pressure: Positive Preparation/Disinfection room parameters - temp: 68°F-73°F, humidity: 20-60%, air exchanges: 10, air pressure: Positive aersols - a suspension of ultra-microscopic solid or liquid particles in air or gas; a spray reprocessing - is the process of rendering a clinically used device safe and ready for reuse. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - is required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). gloves - should be long enough to prevent contact with contaminated water. soiled items - should be transported to the decontamination area as soon as possible after use so the cleaning process can begin. cleaning - is the removal of soil from the item being reprocessed. decontamination definition - removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or other harmful substances. enzymes - work best if allowed several minutes for contact time; therefore, they are especially useful in pre-soak or sonic applications with longer contact time. detergents - are composed of several agents that aid in soil removal. disinfectants - are not typically recommended as the primary cleaning agents for endoscopes. biofilm - contains living and non-living microorganisms that can adhere to the surfaces of endoscopes. Pre-cleaning at the point-of-use - helps remove organic materials, including blood and body fluids, on the endoscope's exterior and int