TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN 7TH EDITION KATHRYN L MCCANCE

TABLE OF CONTENTS PART ONE: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES Unit I: The Cell 1. Cellular Biology 2. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology 3. The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases Unit II: Genes and Gene-Environment Interaction 4. Genes and Genetic Diseases 5. Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases 6. Epigenetics and Disease Unit III: Mechanisms of Self-Defense 7. Innate Immunity: Inflammation 8. Adaptive Immunity 9. Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation 10. Infection 11. Stress and Disease Unit IV: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer 12. Cancer Biology 13. Cancer Epidemiology 14. Cancer in Children PART TWO: PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC ALTERATIONS: ORGANS AND SYSTEMS Unit V: The Neurologic System 15. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System 16. Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function 17. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function 18. Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction 19. Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders 20. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Unit VI: The Endocrine System 21. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation 22. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation Unit VII: The Reproductive Systems 23. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems 24. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System 25. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System 26. Sexually Transmitted InfectionsUnit VIII: The Hematologic System 27. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System 28. Alterations of Erythrocyte Function 29. Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function 30. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children Unit IX: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems 31. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems 32. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function 33. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children Unit X: The Pulmonary System 34. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System 35. Alterations of Pulmonary Function 36. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children Unit XI: The Renal and Urologic Systems 37. Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems 38. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function 39. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children Unit XII: The Digestive System 40. Structure and Function of the Digestive System 41. Alterations of Digestive Function 42. Alterations of Digestive Function in Children Unit XIII: The Musculoskeletal System 43. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System 44. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function 45. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children XIV: The Integumentary System 46. Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument 47. Alterations of the Integument in Children Unit XV: Multiple Interacting Systems 48. Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults 49. Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children Chapter 1: Cellular Biology MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption? a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats. ANS: C In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the: a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus b. Ribosome d. Lysosome ANS: C The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes ANS: B Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme production. PTS: 1 REF: Page 8 4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury? a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes ANS: D