Test Bank for Seeleys Anatomy and Physiology 11th Edition By Rod Seeley's & Cinnamon VanPutte | VERIFIED 2023/2024

The Chemical Basis of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. The amount of matter in an object is its A. element. B. mass. C. ionic charge. D. atomic number. E. weight. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01A. Define matter, mass, and weight. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Type: Study Guide 2. The three forms of matter are: A. air, water, and solids. B. solids, liquids, and gases. C. blood, bone, and air. D. vapor, water, and solid. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01a With respect to the structure of an atom: Describe the charge, mass, and relative location of electrons, protons and neutrons. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01A. Define matter, mass, and weight. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 3. The four most abundant elements in the human body are A. calcium, hydrogen, sodium, and potassium. B. carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and zinc. C. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and iron. D. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. E. carbon, sulfur, calcium, and potassium. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01B. Distinguish between an element and an atom and state the four most abundant elements in the body. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 4. The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n) A. proton. B. atom. C. orbital. D. chemical bond. E. electron. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01B. Distinguish between an element and an atom and state the four most abundant elements in the body. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 5. Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are A. electrons. B. neutrons. C. photons. D. protons. E. neutrinos. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01a Describe the charge, mass, and relative location of electrons, protons and neutrons with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 6. Electrons A. are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms. B. have a positive charge of one. C. comprise the majority of the mass of an atom. D. do not participate in the bonding of atoms. E. are located in the nucleus of an atom. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01a Describe the charge, mass, and relative location of electrons, protons and neutrons with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Objective: C01.01b Relate the number of electrons in an electron shell to an atoms chemical stability and its ability to form chemical bonds with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 7. X-rays can be used to view bones because A. x-rays can not pass through bone. B. x-rays pass through bone. C. x-rays react with bone. D. bones are less dense than soft tissue. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology 8. Which of the following is not a use of X-ray imaging? A. breast cancer screening in mammography B. upper digestive tract abnormalities following barium ingestion C. brain tumor progression D. vertebrae fractures Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 9. In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays. A. light, absorb; dark, do not absorb B. dark, absorb; light, do not absorb C. dark, do not absorb; light, do absorb D. light, do not absorb; dark, aborb Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-6 10. A neutral atom contains A. more protons than electrons. B. more electrons than protons. C. the same number of electrons and protons. D. only neutrons. E. None of these choices is correct. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01a Describe the charge, mass, and relative location of electrons, protons and neutrons with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 11. Which of the following best describes a proton? A. one negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals B. no charge, mass of one, found in nucleus C. one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus D. subatomic particle with no electric charge E. None of these choices is correct. Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: C01.01a Describe the charge, mass, and relative location of electrons, protons and neutrons with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-7 12. The mass number of an atom is the number of A. electrons plus neutrons in the atom. B. neutrons in the atom. C. neutrons plus protons in the atom. D. protons in the atom. E. protons plus electrons in the atom. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 13. An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have A. 19 neutrons. B. 39 neutrons. C. 20 electrons. D. 20 neutrons. E. 58 neutrons. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-8 14. An atom of chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Which of the following statements is true? A. Chlorine has an atomic number of 18. B. Chlorine atoms have 18 electrons. C. Chlorine has an atomic number of 35. D. Chlorine has 35 electrons. E. Chlorine has a mass number of 35. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 15. Isotopes of the same element have A. no mass number. B. the same mass number. C. the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons. D. different numbers of protons and electrons. E. the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01c Explain how ions and isotopes are produced by changing the relative number of specific subatomic particles with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-9 16. The amount of matter in an object is its A. size. B. weight. C. density. D. volume. E. mass. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 17. The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 is called A. Socrates's number. B. Le Chatelier's number. C. Dalton's number. D. Avogadro's number. E. Pasteur's number. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01D. Define atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass and mole. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-10 18. A neutral atom will become a cation if it A. gains neutrons. B. gains electrons. C. loses protons. D. gains protons. E. loses electrons. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.01c Explain how ions and isotopes are produced by changing the relative number of specific subatomic particles with respect to the structure of an atom. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01C. Name the subatomic particles of an atom, and indicate their mass, charge and location in an atom. Section: 02.01 Topic: Atoms and molecules Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 19. In ionic bonding, A. electrons are transferred from one atom to another. B. the charge of the ion does not play a role in the bond. C. only non-polar molecules are involved. D. two hydrogen atoms share one pair of electrons. E. a "sea of electrons" forms. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01E. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-11 20. Covalent bonds form when A. atomic nuclei fuse. B. electrons are shared between two atoms. C. neutrons are transferred from one atom to another. D. molecules become ionized. E. protons are lost from atoms. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. Learning Outcome: 02.01E. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 21. When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions A. dissociate or separate from one another. B. get lost in the solvent. C. cling tightly together. D. lose their charge. E. settle to the bottom of the container. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Objective: C02.01c Provide biologically significant examples of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01E. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds. Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-12 22. Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called A. salt molecules. B. polar molecules. C. nonpolar molecules. D. lopsided molecules. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01E. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 23. A substance composed of two or more different types of atoms is a(n) A. element. B. compound and a molecule. C. compound. D. molecule. E. ion. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01F. Differentiate between a molecule and a compound. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-13 24. Sodium chloride is considered a(n) A. molecule. B. element. C. compound. D. molecule and a compound. E. ion. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Objective: C02.01c Provide biologically significant examples of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01F. Differentiate between a molecule and a compound. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 25. A molecule is A. a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. B. a positively charged ion. C. an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. D. a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. E. a negatively charged ion. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01F. Differentiate between a molecule and a compound. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-14 26. Carbon dioxide is considered a(n) A. compound. B. molecule. C. ion. D. element. E. molecule and a compound. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds. HAPS Objective: C02.01c Provide biologically significant examples of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01F. Differentiate between a molecule and a compound. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 27. When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken, the protein becomes nonfunctional, and is said to be A. unsaturated. B. essential. C. saturated. D. denatured. E. structural. Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Objective: C02.01c Provide biologically significant examples of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01G. Explain what creates a hydrogen bond and relate its importance. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-15 28. Hydrogen bonds form between molecules containing _________ bonds; the hydrogen bond is between a hydrogen atom of one molecule and a partially _________ charged atom of another. A. polar covalent; negatively B. nonpolar covalent; negatively C. nonpolar covalent; positively D. polar covalent; positively E. ionic; positively Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01b With respect to non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds: Explain the mechanism of each type of bond. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01G. Explain what creates a hydrogen bond and relate its importance. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 29. An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as: A. strong and intramolecular. B. weak and intramolecular. C. weak and intermolecular. D. strong and intermolecular. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C02.01a With respect to non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds: List each type of bond in order by relative strength. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01G. Explain what creates a hydrogen bond and relate its importance. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-16 30. Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called A. molecules B. nonelectrolytes and solutes. C. electrolytes, because they can conduct an electrical current. D. nonelectrolytes, because they do not conduct an electrical current. E. molecules and electrolytes. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 31. Electrolytes are substances that A. are NOT found in the human body in any appreciable amounts. B. form covalent bonds with water. C. cannot conduct electricity in solution. D. are NOT charged particles. E. conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-17 32. Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as A. buffers. B. electrolytes. C. bases. D. inorganic compounds. E. enzymes. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 33. Intermolecular forces A. separate atoms and ions from one another. B. are electrostatic attractions between different molecules. C. are found within molecules. D. evenly distribute electrical charge among all atoms in a sample. E. form dissociated ions. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-18 34. A cation is A. a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. B. an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. C. a positively charged ion. D. a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. E. a negatively charged ion. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 35. An anion is A. a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. B. a negatively charged ion. C. a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. D. an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. E. a positively charged ion. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-19 36. An electrolyte is A. a positively charged ion. B. a negatively charged ion. C. the alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. D. a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. E. a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 37. Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to ___________ in another. A. react B. dissolve C. precipitate D. conduct E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C03.02 Distinguish among the terms solution, solute, solvent, colloid suspension, and emulsion. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.01H. Describe solubility and the process of dissociation, and predict if a compound or molecule is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Section: 02.01 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-20 38. All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called A. oxidation-reduction. B. hydrolysis. C. dissociation. D. anabolism. E. catabolism. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02A. Summarize the characteristics of synthesis, decomposition, reversible reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 39. Which of the following is a synthesis reaction? A. Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide. B. Sodium chloride is dissolved in water. C. ATP is converted to ADP. D. Sucrose is chemically separated to form one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. E. Several dipeptide chains are formed from digestion of a long polypeptide chain. Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02A. Summarize the characteristics of synthesis, decomposition, reversible reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-21 40. Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A. hydrolysis - water is used in decomposition reaction B. synthesis reaction - two reactants combine to form a larger product C. decomposition reaction - large reactant broken into smaller products D. dehydration reaction - water is a product of the reaction E. oxidation - gain of electrons Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02A. Summarize the characteristics of synthesis, decomposition, reversible reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 41. In the reversible reaction, CO2 + H2O  H2CO3  H + + HCO3- , a decrease in respiration rate will increase the concentration of CO2 in the blood. What will this do to the amount of H+ in the blood? A. H+ will decrease. B. H+ will increase. C. H+ will be unchanged. Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02A. Summarize the characteristics of synthesis, decomposition, reversible reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-22 42. Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions. A. reversible B. synthesis C. oxidation D. dehydration E. hydrolysis Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02B. Illustrate what occurs in dehydration and hydrolysis reactions. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 43. In a reversible reaction, when the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction is A. in danger of exploding. B. a net decomposition reaction. C. a net synthesis reaction. D. stopped. E. at equilibrium. Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02C. Explain how reversible reactions produce chemical equilibrium. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-23 44. Chemical reactions with the property of being able to proceed from reactants to products and from products to reactants are called A. synthesis reactions. B. decomposition reactions. C. exchange reactions. D. reversible reactions. E. net reaction rates. Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02C. Explain how reversible reactions produce chemical equilibrium. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemical bonding Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 45. Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans? A. They interfere with protein synthesis. B. They interfere with nerve impulses. C. They interfere with the production of ATP. D. They interfere with muscle contraction. E. All of these occur with cyanide poisoning. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C05.01 Describe the generalized reversible reaction for release of energy from ATP and explain the role of ATP in the cell. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02A. Summarize the characteristics of synthesis, decomposition, reversible reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Topic: Energy transfer using ATP Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-24 46. Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is _____ energy. A. mechanical B. thermal C. chemical D. molecular E. None of the above Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: C05.01 Describe the generalized reversible reaction for release of energy from ATP and explain the role of ATP in the cell. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: LearnSmart Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-25 47. Chemical energy A. moves matter. B. results from the position or movement of objects. C. is a form of potential energy within chemical bonds. D. comes from the sun. E. is not important in physiological processes. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 48. If the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the reactants is greater than the potential energy in the chemical bonds of the product, A. energy must be supplied for the reaction to occur. B. the chemical reaction equalizes the potential energy levels. C. energy is not a factor in the reaction. D. energy has not been gained or lost. E. energy is released by the reaction. Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 49. The energy stored in ATP is a form of ________ energy. A. mechanical B. heat C. electrical D. chemical E. kinetic Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: C05.01 Describe the generalized reversible reaction for release of energy from ATP and explain the role of ATP in the cell. HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Topic: Energy transfer using ATP Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-26 50. Potential energy is A. stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. B. movement of ions or electrons. C. the form of energy that actually does work. D. energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. E. energy that moves in waves. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 51. Kinetic energy is A. movement of ions or electrons. B. energy that moves in waves. C. energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. D. the form of energy that actually does work. E. stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide 52. Heat energy is A. energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. B. movement of ions or electrons. C. stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. D. energy that moves in waves. E. the form of energy that actually does work. Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Topic: Module C Chemistry and Cell Biology Review Learning Outcome: 02.02D. Contrast potential and kinetic energy. Section: 02.02 Topic: Chemistry and cell biology Type: Study Guide Chapter 02 - The Chemical Basis of Life 2-27 53. The minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to start a chemical reaction is called A. potential energy. B. mechanical energy. C. kinetic energy. D. activation energy. E. electromagnetic energy