NAS 2 Exam (2023/2024) 100+ Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct

NAS 2 Exam (2023/2024) 100+ Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct Q: Define phosphorylation Answer: adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP Q: What is the role of the coenzyme in the oxidation-reduction process? Answer: the coenzyme is used to transfer energy to ADP which then become ATP. Q: What is the energy store in the NADH coenzyme used to accomplish? Answer: The energy is used to catalyze reactions that will form ATP. Q: Various hormones regulate nutrient metabolism. Generally describe what happens during the absorptive State. Answer: Nutrients originate from the digestive system and are either oxidized or stored Q: What happens during the post-absorptive state? Answer: nutrients are mobilized from a variety of storage sources Q: During the absorptive state, what causes insulin levels to increase? Answer: Increased Glucose elevation levels after a meal Q: What gland secretes insulin? Answer: Pancreas Q: How does insulin affect the transport into cells? Answer: Insulin stimulates the transport of glucose into cells for glucose catabolism. Q: How does insulin affect the storage of glycogen? Answer: Insulin stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage in liver & muscle cells Q: How does insulin affect stored triglycerides? Answer: Insulin stimulates the synthesis of triglycerides in liver and fat cells. Q: How does insulin affect new protein production? Answer: Insulin stimulates the use of amino acids for the production of new proteins. Q: What are the net results of insulin during the absorptive state? Answer: 1. Providing glucose for oxidation and generation of ATP. 2. Storage of fuel molecules in the liver, muscle, and fat cells. 3. Providing amino acids for the production of proteins. Q: What is the major challenge during the postabsorptive state? Answer: To sustain a normal blood glucose level Q: Describe the postabsorbtive state effects of epinephrine and glucagon. Answer: Epinephrine and glucagon stimulate breakdown of glycogen in liver cells to increase available blood glucose. Q: Describe the postabsorptive state effects of cortisol & glucagon. Answer: Cortisol & glucagon stimulate metabolic reactions to produce new glucose from lactic acid & amino acids.