Burns Pediatric Nursing Final Study Guide Correct 100%

The nurse is caring for a small child who puts his arm through the side rail just as the nurse is lowering the side rail. The child gets big bruise. The housekeeper asks the nurse what happened. The nurse should: A. tell the housekeeper, since the housekeeper is part of the healthcare team B. restrict information to general statements such as "it was an accident." C. suggest the housekeeper ask the head nurse D. Avoid discussing the accident with the housekeeper - Answer D Which of the following positions does the nurse use for the child who has just returned to the room from a tonsillectomy? A. elevated head and legs B. on the abdomen or side C. on the back and flat D. on the back or sitting up - Answer B As a nurse you must explore your beliefs about medication for infants and children because research has shown which of the following? A. nurses are likely to overmedication and undermedicate children under their care B. nurses tend to believe that medication will harm children more than help them C. it takes a lo of exploration of beliefs before a nurse can be consistent in the administration of pain medication regardless of race, gender, religion or social status D. Education level, personal pain experience and number of years in practice influence the nurse in the decision to medication or not medicate a child in pain - Answer D Compared to children or adults, adolescents' gender attitudes and behavior are found to be: A. about the same B. far more liberal C. somewhat more liberal D. more traditional - Answer D If burns are severe enough, the child will require fluid replacement. Whcih of the following fluids is most often used as a replacement? A. d5% in water B. 1/2 NS C. NS D. LR - Answer D When caregivers of a child with a chronic health care condition look for meaning in their situation, they most often: A. feel small, helpless and hopeless in the face of such a long-term responsibility B. find they have little or nothing to be thankful for and drop out of their religion C. give up and adopt a martyr-like existence because any meaning is depression or demeaning D. find positive outcomes, such as family relationships being strengthened due to working together - Answer D The nurse assessing an infant for intusseception will look for 3 classic signs and symptoms: colicky intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, and which kind of stool? A. mustard or clay-colored B. frothy stools that float C. currant jelly like stools D. black tar colored stools - Answer C Which of the following infants is at greatest rick of sudden infant death syndrome? A. male full-term, 7 months old B. female, full-term, 8 month old C. male twin, premature, 4 month old D. female, single birth, 4 month old - Answer C You are the nurse working with parents and their newborns on a postpartum unit there the newborns room with the mother. The parents of one of the babies learns that their newborn has mental retardation. You notice these parents going through the stage of denial and then demonstrating anxiety. You realize anxiety : A. must be reduced as soon as possible and you need to calm the family immediately B. serves a purpose in alerting the family that something is amiss and in generating needed energy to deal with the situation C. will keep the family from completing the stages of adjusting to the child having mental retardation D. is related to the loss of their dream of a perfect child and how other people will be disappointed in them - Answer B Which of the following practices is used by a large number of cultural groups to provide comfort and security to a child? A. burying a rock near a large shade tree B. taping a coin to the umbilical cord C. wrapping the infant snugly in a soft blanket D. boiling an egg and keeping it close to the child - Answer C The nurse places a unique cartoon character on the outside and inside of a child's door. The hospital has a picture of a different animal fro each floor of the hospital and these pictures are posted in the elevators. Each section of the pediatric unit has a different theme and walls of a different color. These actions on the part of the nurse and the hospital are designed to: A. reduce anxiety and help children and others feel secure that they will not get lose and that they have a place of their own B. remind everyone that this is a pediatric unit for children who have special needs and is not a unit for adults C. cheer the children up and help them laugh to reduce tension in their lives D. help establish a personality for the hospital. the floors. the unit. and the room of the child who is hospitalized - Answer A the nurse working with a child who had cellulitis anticipates doctor's orders for which of the following usual treatment regimens? A. whirlpool, meperidine or morphine sulfate and wet to dry dressing B. oral antibiotics, warm compresses, immobilizations, elevationg of the extremity and analgesics C. debridement of the wounds. antibiotic cream, dressing and an ace bandage D. incision and drainage with antibiotics placed in the wound. done as a minor surgical procedure in day surgery - Answer B How often should a hearing aid be changed for children less than 4 years of age? a. once a month c. once a year b. every 3 to 6 months d. every 2 years - Answer B The nurse takes the temperature of a newborn and gets a reading of 37.7 degrees C (99.6 degrees F). The nurse interprets this temperature as: a. very high for a newborn and calls the health care practitioner b. high for an infant of this age and decides to retake it in 20 minutes c. normal and proceeds to chart the temperature in the infant's record d. below normal and adds a warmed blanket to the infant's crib - Answer C The leading causes of injury-related death for children aged 1 to 4 years is: a. choking and drowning b. fires and burns c. fires and neglect d. drowning and motor vehicle occupant injury - Answer D The pediatric nurse in the hospital finds one of her clients crying because "Daddy just left." Which of the following actions by the nurse would most help the child to feel more secure? a. holding the child, talking about then Dad will return, and looking at Dad's picture b. looking at the clock, talking about the amount of time before Dad returns, and drawing a clock with that time c. distracting the child by playing a game that requires a lot of concentration d. giving the child a cuddly blanket and a cuddly stuffed animal to hold until Dad returns - Answer A The nurse is instructing a child and the child's family about dietary needs while the child is undergoing dialysis treatments at home. The nurse will instruct the family to provide which of the following types of diet? a. soft c. low protein b. pureed d. high fat - Answer C If a nurse fails to report suspected child abuse and a child later receives additional injuries at the hands of the suspected abuser, the nurse may face legal consequences in states with child abuse reporting laws. Which of the following consequences may be the harshest faced by the nurse? a. to be held liable for civil damages to compensate the child and to be fined and imprisoned b. to have the nursing license suspended for up to a year c. to be assigned at least 1 year of community service d. to be put on probation and have to meet periodically with the assigned probation officer - Answer A To look into the ear of a child younger than 3 years old, the nurse would position the ear by pulling the auricle: a. down and out c. in and forward b. back and up d. in and backward - Answer A Which of the following is most frequently the cause of precocious puberty in females? a. idiopathic b. central nervous system lesions c. trauma d. pituitary malfunction - Answer A A family caring for a child with a chronic health condition has rearranged and continues to rearrange their life schedule and routine. This is an attempt to make life better for the child and the family and to keep important aspects of the pre-illness lifestyle. The strategies used by the family are referred to as: a. resorting c. organization b. management d. normalization - Answer D The mother of a 2-1/2-year old child who has had tonsillitis asks about the possibility of a tonsillectomy for the child. The nurse informs the mother that tonsillectomies are usually performed when the child is over 3 years old. The mother wants to know why children younger than 3 have to wait for a tonsillectomy. Which of the following is the nurse's best answer? a. "Surgery is too difficult on a younger child, because their mouths are so small, making it difficult to get to the tonsils." b. "It is too scary for younger children, and they don't understand what is happening." c. "Younger children are more prone to excessive blood loss and the tonsils growing back." d. "Separation from the parents or caregivers is much more difficult in the child under 3." - Answer C When there are pH changes caused by respiratory problems or a buildup of metabolic acids, compensation will take place by what method? a. the kidneys controlling hydrogen ion and bicarbonate levels in the blood b. the baroreceptors in the aortic arch of the heart regulating electrolytes c. the hormone negative feedback system of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system d. regulation of hydrogen and bicarbonate by neurotransmitters in the limbic system - Answer A Freud theorized that methods used to toilet-train children might have a lasting effect on their personality. Children who had rigid, severe toilet training would most likely show which of the following behaviors later in life? a. narcissistic b. meticulous and hypercritical c. self-mutilating d. bullying to others and aggressive - Answer B The school nurse is working with teenaged parents and their babies in a high school program designed to keep these parents in school and to teach them how to care for their children. The nurse teaches the mothers to change diapers on: a. a soft towel that can be washed as needed b. a washable surface that is disinfected after each use c. upholstered furniture that can be wiped off d. a changing station with a cushioned cover - Answer B Which of the following statements is true regarding a urinary tract infection (UTI) in the newborn? a. The incidence is higher in female newborns. b. After the first year, the incidence is more common in boys. c. Boys who are uncircumcised are more likely to have a UTI. d. UTI is more common in African-American girls than in Caucasian girls. - Answer C Which kind of pressure is a force within the capillary beds that tends to pull water into the capillaries? a. oncotic c. hydrostatic b. osmotic d. filtration - Answer B Which of the following outcomes is most important in the nursing care plan for a family engaging in physical abuse of the children? a. The child will remain safe with no evidence of physical abuse or neglect. b. The parents will demonstrate at least one nurturing behavior. c. The parents will discuss normal growth and development for the age of the child. d. The child will report all instances of threatened or actual abuse and neglect. - Answer A The nurse on the pediatric unit is assigned to an infant with gastroesophageal reflux. The infant has had episodes of pneumonia and is not gaining weight. The infant has not responded well to 6 weeks of medical management and is being considered for surgery. At the beginning of the shift, after receiving report on this infant, the nurse will first: a. read the infant's chart or computer record b. weigh the infant c. assess respiratory status d. check the medication administration record and set up medications - Answer C At what age can a child be trusted to self-identify for medication administration? a. preschool b. school-aged c. adolescent d. None - Answer D Which of the following things must nurses do first in order to provide culturally sensitive care to children and families? a. assess the cultural background and beliefs of the family b. study various cultures to gain knowledge of their core beliefs c. recognize how their attitudes are influenced by their own values and beliefs and be aware of these values and beliefs d. spend time observing and listening to people of the various cultures that they will come into contact with in their work as nurses - Answer C The nurse working with children with severe burns who are in pain and anxious will best help the child by: a. touching the child even if this hurts b. holding the hands 2-5 inches from the client's body c. taking as much time as necessary When having to touch the child d. not touching the child and staying at least 2 feet away then possible - Answer B The school nurse encourages the parents of a student who has a severe sore throat to take the child to the pediatrician. The nurse is especially concerned about the possibility of streptococcal tonsillitis mainly because of which of the following? a. If streptococcal tonsillitis is not treated adequately it may lead to scarlet fever, otitis media, or more serious complications. b. The student may miss a lot of school, risking falling behind in schoolwork and homework assignments, which would negatively impact self-esteem. c. Other children may also get sore throats if this student is not aggressively treated. d. If untreated, streptococcal tonsillitis may cause anemia, weight loss, and lethargy. - Answer A Which of the following statements by caregivers of a preschooler would best indicate that the caregivers were paying attention to the teachings of the nurse on how to decrease the incidence of illnesses in their child? a. "We don't let our child play with other children unless the caregivers assure us they are not ill." b. "Our child's temperature is taken every morning and every night, and if it is elevated, we call the health care practitioner." c. "We make certain that our child washes her hands after using the bathroom and before eating." d. "Our child takes a vitamin pill every day, eats a balanced diet, and takes sufficient fluids." - Answer C Which of the following therapies is the only specific therapy for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis? a. ribavirin (Virazole) c. an oxygen tent b. chest percussion d. antibiotics - Answer A For violence prevention teaching to be effective, the school needs to train and use as a role model(s): a. a small team of interested teachers b. all teachers, nurses, and other staff c. only the nurse d. the nurse and administrative staff - Answer B The difference between the intracellular and the extracellular level of potassium determines the: a. pulse pressure of an individual b. viscosity of the blood c. excitability of neurons and muscles d. amount of edema a person has - Answer C Which of the following phrases about infectious diseases is always true? a. They are contagious from person to person. b. They can be stopped by consistent and adequate handwashing. c. They are caused by pathogenic organisms in the body. d. They can be eradicated by vaccinating people around the world. - Answer C In the majority of cases, pediatric clients are asked to give their consent or permission before receiving a procedure or treatment. This process is referred to as which of the following terms? a. inclusion c. consideration b. assent d. co-permission - Answer B The treatment of choice and the safest treatment for intussusception is which of the following treatments? a. a three-stage surgery involving a temporary colostomy opening b. hydrostatic reduction with barium c. hydrostatic reduction with an air or a water-soluble contrast agent d. external massage and rotation - Answer C Healthy People 2010 national health objectives added some new focus areas, two of which are: a. starting kindergarten and the reading initiative earlier to ensure reading by age 6 b. increasing small motor skills in children and reducing the incidence of behavioral problems in children c. involving fathers sooner in prenatal care and making certain they have an opportunity to be present at birth d. medical products safety and adding children to the maternal and infant safety area - Answer D Which of the following substances is the most frequently used substance by adolescents? a. alcohol c. cocaine b. marijuana d. heroin - Answer A B. F. Skinner discovered that behavioral change becomes more lasting when consequences are: a. less than the rewards c. continuous b. provided intermittently d. not part of the plan of change - Answer B What is the classic sign of impetigo, which is typically used to diagnose this condition? a. red rash on the trunk b. honey-colored crusts on the skin c. tracks under the skin d. scratch marks near insect bites - Answer B The bladder capacity of a 4-year-old child is how many ounces? a. 4 c. 8 b. 6 d. 10 - Answer B The final major component of the immune response, complement, accomplishes which of the following things? a. facilitates vasodilation and increased circulation b. amplifies immune response and facilitates phagocytosis c. boosts the production of hemoglobin and oxygen to cells d. carries white blood cells (WBCs) quickly into areas of infection - Answer B