Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Aaron Beck - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - correct answer The Cognitive Model proposes that all
dysfunctional thinking (which influences the patient's mood and behavior) is common to all
psychological disturbances.
Basic Principles of CBT - correct answer 1. CBT is based on an ever-evolving formulation of patients'
problems and an individual conceptualization of each patient in cognitive terms.
2. CBT requires a sound therapeutic alliance.
3. CBT emphasizes collaboration and active participation.
4. CBT is goal oriented and problem focused.
5. CBT initially emphasizes the present. Here and Now
6. CBT is educative, aims to teach the patient to be his/her own therapist and emphasizes relapse
prevention.
7. CBT aims to be time limited.
8. CBT sessions are structured.
9. CBT teaches patients to identify, evaluate, and respond to dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs.
10. CBT uses a variety of techniques to change thinking, mood, and behavior.
Overview of Treatment -Developing the therapeutic relationship - correct answer Demonstrate good
counseling skills and accurate understanding (empathy)
Share your conceptualization and treatment plan
Collaboratively make decisions
Seek feedback
Vary your style
Help patient solve their problems and alleviate their distress
Major goal of treatment is to make the process of therapy understandable to you and the patient.
, Identifying and Responding to Dysfunctional Cognitions - correct answer An important part of therapy
sessions is to help the patients respond to their inaccurate or unhelpful ideas -(automatic thoughts)
Guided Discovery - Ascertain which cognitions are most upsetting to patients and ask them a series of
questions to help them gain an understanding that these cognitions are ideas and not necessarily truths.
Behavioral Experiments - Try to design an experiment that patients may conduct in the session.
Emphasizing the Positive - helps patients to recognize the positives
Facilitating cognitive and behavioral change between sessions = Homework
Cognitive Conceptualization - correct answer Cognitive conceptualization provides the framework for
understanding the patient. What is the patient's diagnosis? Current problems? Dysfunctional thoughts?
The Cognitive Model - correct answer The Cognitive Model hypothesizes people's emotions, behaviors,
and physiology are influenced by their perceptions of events:
Situation/event
Automatic thoughts
Reaction (emotional, behavioral, physiological)
**** It is not the situation in and of itself that determines what people feel but rather how they
construe a situation.
Automatic thoughts come up spontaneously; they are often rapid and brief.
Core Beliefs - correct answer In childhood, people develop certain ideas about themselves, other people
and the world. Core beliefs are the most fundamental level of belief; global, rigid, and overgeneralized.
Core beliefs influence the development of an intermediate class of beliefs, which consists of (often
unarticulated) attitudes, rules and assumptions.
Core beliefs
Intermediate beliefs (rules, attitudes, assumptions)
Automatic thoughts
Aaron Beck - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - correct answer The Cognitive Model proposes that all
dysfunctional thinking (which influences the patient's mood and behavior) is common to all
psychological disturbances.
Basic Principles of CBT - correct answer 1. CBT is based on an ever-evolving formulation of patients'
problems and an individual conceptualization of each patient in cognitive terms.
2. CBT requires a sound therapeutic alliance.
3. CBT emphasizes collaboration and active participation.
4. CBT is goal oriented and problem focused.
5. CBT initially emphasizes the present. Here and Now
6. CBT is educative, aims to teach the patient to be his/her own therapist and emphasizes relapse
prevention.
7. CBT aims to be time limited.
8. CBT sessions are structured.
9. CBT teaches patients to identify, evaluate, and respond to dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs.
10. CBT uses a variety of techniques to change thinking, mood, and behavior.
Overview of Treatment -Developing the therapeutic relationship - correct answer Demonstrate good
counseling skills and accurate understanding (empathy)
Share your conceptualization and treatment plan
Collaboratively make decisions
Seek feedback
Vary your style
Help patient solve their problems and alleviate their distress
Major goal of treatment is to make the process of therapy understandable to you and the patient.
, Identifying and Responding to Dysfunctional Cognitions - correct answer An important part of therapy
sessions is to help the patients respond to their inaccurate or unhelpful ideas -(automatic thoughts)
Guided Discovery - Ascertain which cognitions are most upsetting to patients and ask them a series of
questions to help them gain an understanding that these cognitions are ideas and not necessarily truths.
Behavioral Experiments - Try to design an experiment that patients may conduct in the session.
Emphasizing the Positive - helps patients to recognize the positives
Facilitating cognitive and behavioral change between sessions = Homework
Cognitive Conceptualization - correct answer Cognitive conceptualization provides the framework for
understanding the patient. What is the patient's diagnosis? Current problems? Dysfunctional thoughts?
The Cognitive Model - correct answer The Cognitive Model hypothesizes people's emotions, behaviors,
and physiology are influenced by their perceptions of events:
Situation/event
Automatic thoughts
Reaction (emotional, behavioral, physiological)
**** It is not the situation in and of itself that determines what people feel but rather how they
construe a situation.
Automatic thoughts come up spontaneously; they are often rapid and brief.
Core Beliefs - correct answer In childhood, people develop certain ideas about themselves, other people
and the world. Core beliefs are the most fundamental level of belief; global, rigid, and overgeneralized.
Core beliefs influence the development of an intermediate class of beliefs, which consists of (often
unarticulated) attitudes, rules and assumptions.
Core beliefs
Intermediate beliefs (rules, attitudes, assumptions)
Automatic thoughts
