WGU Biochem C785: Unit 4 DNA and RNA with correct answers

WGU Biochem C785: Unit 4 DNA and RNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - correct answer An organisms genetic material found in the nucleus of a cell Double stranded helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, T) capable of replicating Which nucleotides/bases are used in DNA? - correct answer A - Adenine C - Cystine G - Guanine T - Thymine RNA (ribonucleic acid) - correct answer A nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, U) Usually single stranded Functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genome of some viruses Central Dogma - correct answer DNA -> RNA -> Protein DNA -> Transcription ->mRNA -> Translation -> Protein The process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA protein Which nucleotides/bases are used in RNA? - correct answer A - Adenine C - Cystine G - Guanine U - Uracil Which nucleotides/bases pair together to form DNA? - correct answer A - T C - G Which nucleotides/bases pair together to form RNA? - correct answer A - U C - G Genes - correct answer A segment of a DNA molecule that information or directions on how to build a protein Gene Expression - correct answer When a gene in DNA is "turned on" or used to make the protein is specifies Includes 2 Stages: Transcription and Translation Nucleotides - correct answer Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases Antiparallel - correct answer The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix (5'-3', 3'-5') Complementary (coding) Strand - correct answer A strand of DNA or RNA that has complementary bases to the template strand, another strand of DNA or RNA Ex/ During DNA replication, the new strand that is formed is a complementary strand Complementary Bases: A-U, C-G Runs in 5' to 3' direction Template DNA - correct answer The piece of DNA that the RNA polymerase enzyme assembles the messenger (mRNA) along. Called a template because it fits the formal definition fo a template