RPSGT: Scoring & Sleep Stages Questions with correct Answers 2023

RPSGT: Scoring & Sleep Stages Questions with correct Answers 2023 Causes of hypopnea: Obesity, nasal passage issues, excessive overbite, large neck cir, smoking, alcohol, sedatives, menopause Causes of apnea: Tongue, overbite, large neck, obesity, large tonsils/ adenoids, CNS issues, nasal passage problems, smoking, menopause. Causes of Cheyene-Stokes Central apnea, meningitis, drug OD, increased ICP, damage to resp center, CHF Causes for biots/ ataxic CNS issue & meningitis Event criteria: OSA Cessation of airflow >90% lasting >10s What is the % feast required to score a hypopnea? 4% Criteria for central sleep apnea: Cessation of airflow by>90%, cessation of chest movement, for at least 10s Drugs to treat central sleep apnea (2): Acetazolamide dimethylxanthine (theophylline) Criteria for mixed apnea: Begins with central apnea, and ends event with OSA What patient population is most prone to mixed apnea? Children and infants Define an EEG arousal An abrupt shift toward a faster rate Criteria for RERA: 30% decrease in flow associated with an arousal lasting 10s PLMS occur most often in what stage of sleep? N2 What is the duration required for PLM? 0.5-10s When can RLS occur? During sleep and daytime Symptoms of REM Behavior Disorder Acting out dreams, increased muscle activity in REM (parasomnias), remembering dreams, more common in males What stage of sleep does Bruxism typically occur? N2 What two muscles are activated during bruxism? Temporalis & masseter What is the max electrical impedance? 5k O Sample rate for EEG: 500Hz Sample rate for EOG: 500Hz Sample rate for EMG: 500Hz Sample rate for ECG: 500Hz Sample rate for snore: 500Hz Sample rate for Airflow & nasal pressure: 100Hz Sample rate for esophageal Pressure: 100Hz Sample rage for chest & abdom: 100Hz Sample rate for POX: 25Hz Sample rate for body position: 1Hz Filter settings for EEG, EOG, & ECG: LFF 0.3Hz - HFF 35Hz Filter setting for EMG & Snore: LFF 10Hz- HFF 100Hz Filter setting for respiration: LFF 0.1Hz - 15Hz What stage of sleep do you see phasing bursts of eye movement? REM What stage of sleep do you see rolling eye movements? N1 or sleep onset Looking down or left causes the EOG tracing to move in which direction? Apart Looking up or to the right causes the EOG tracing to move in which direction? Together To score sinus tach the heart rate must be: >90bpm To score sinus Brady, the heart rate must be: <40bpm To score asystole, there must be a pause of: >3s To score wide complex tachycardia, what is the criteria? Min of 3 consecutive beats at a rate >100bpm, with QRS duration >120ms What is the criteria for scoring narrow complex tachycardia? Min of 3 consecutive beats at a rate > 100bpm, with QRS duration <120ms What type of sensor should be used to identify apnea during PSG? Oronasal thermal airflow sensor If the oronasal thermal airflow sensor is not working, what alternatives can be used to identify apnea? Nasal pressure, RIPsum, RIPflow What device should be used to identify hypopnea? Nasal pressure transducer If the nasal pressure transducer is not functioning, what alternatives can be used to identify hypopnea? RIPsum, RIPflow, Dual RIP belts What 2 items can be used to monitor respiratory effort during PAP titration? Esophageal Manometry or Dial RIP belts