ABCP BOARDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

ABCP BOARDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS how much volume is in RBCs? - ANSWER- 300ml how long can RBCs be stored? - ANSWER- 35 days what is the usual HCT of RBCs? - ANSWER- 70% what is the volume of FFP? - ANSWER- 220ml how long can FFP be stored? - ANSWER- 1 year how much volume is platelets - ANSWER- 30-50 ml how long can platelets be stored? - ANSWER- 3 days what would be the reason to administer PRBCs? - ANSWER- reduced HCT requiring transfusion what would be the reason to administer whole blood? - ANSWER- massive blood loss what would be the reason to administer platelets? - ANSWER- -thrombocytopenia (common after bypass) -platelet function abnormality what would be the reason to administer FFP? - ANSWER- clotting deficiencies what would be the reason to administer cryoprecipitate (cryo)? - ANSWER- -hemophilia (bleeding disorder) -von Willebrand’s disease (bleeding disorder due to low levels of clotting protein) -hypofibrinogenemia (low plasma fibrin) -factor XIII deficiency what would be the reason to administer albumin? - ANSWER- -hypoproteinemia -decreased colloid osmotic pressure -volume expander -low reservoir volume not due to something else what would be the reason to administer leukocyte-poor red blood cells? - ANSWER- -to prevent runs from leukocyte antibodies -patients who are candidates for organ transplants what is the cause of acute hemolytic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- incompatibility of blood types immediate what is the cause of allergic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- antigen transfer less than 30 min what is the cause of delayed hemolytic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- immune response days or weeks later what is the cause of febrile reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- reaction of antigen 30-90 min what is the cause of graft vs host disease reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- WBCs given to an immunodeficient individual delayed what is the cause of non-cardiac PE reaction due to blood transfusion? time of run? - ANSWER- donor antibodies react with recipient HLA antigen Immediate to a few min what are the three phases to the formation of a clot - ANSWER- phase 1: vascular phase - vasoconstriction at the site of injury phase 2: formation of a platelet plugs at the site of injury phase 3: involves clotting factors and cascade which clotting pathway is initiated by contact of a foreign surface? - ANSWER- the intrinsic pathway which clotting pathway is initiated by tissue injury? - ANSWER- the extrinsic pathway liver disease increases or decreases clotting factors? - ANSWER- decreases what are constantly dissolving clots? - ANSWER- plasma proteins fibrinolysins plasmin’s what clotting factors are dependent on vitamin K? - ANSWER- II, VII, IX, X (2, 7, 9, 10) Deficiency of what vitamin results in blood disorders? - ANSWER- vitamin K