NURS 231 Pathophys Module 5 | Questions with 100 % correct answers | Veried

The respiratory system can be divided into what 2 structures? - Conducting airways and respiratory tissues What are the levels of branching? - Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli Where is the site of gas exchange? - Alveoli What cells are in the alveolar epithelium? - Type 1 and II alveolar cells, macrophages Describe what happens during inspiration and expiration: - During inspiration, air is drawn into the lungs as the respiratory muscles expand the chest cavity. During expiration, air moves out of the lungs as the chest muscles relax and the chest cavity becomes smaller. What occurs with the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration? - The diaphragm is the main muscle of inspiration. When the diaphragm contracts (inspiration), the chest expands. Upon expiration, the chest cavity decreases and pressure inside increases. What is lung compliance? What factors affect it? - Lung compliance is the ease with which lungs can be inflated. Elastin, collagen, elastic recoil, and surface tension can affect lung compliance. Lung Volumes - The amount of air exchanged from a single event during ventilation (measure by a spirometer) Tidal Volume (Vt) - normal volume of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) - amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after taking a normal breathExpiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) - Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after taking a normal breath