FRESENIUS PCT NEW HIRE EXAM | 120 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified

What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - (2) Kidneys, (2) ureters, (1) bladder, (1) urethra. Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? - Removal of waste products, and Regulation of fluid balance What is the function of renin? - Renin is a hormone produced by the kidneys with important effects on the regulation of blood pressure, and on sodium and potassium balance Erythropoietin - stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells (RBSc). Why must the kidney activate Vitamin D? - The kidney converts Vitamin D to Calcitriol, its activated form. This activated form of Vitamin D helps to maintain good bone health by helping absorb calcium from foods eaten What causes renal osteodystrophy (bone disease)? - No longer produce calcitriol - the active form of Vitamin D o Inadequate or lacking calcitriol causes demineralization of the bone - bone begins to break down to release the calcium needed for body functioning No longer excrete excess phosphorus (PO4) o Phosphorus is found in most foods and beverages o Increased PO4 levels cause further calcium bone loss