D118 Ortho, Fitzgerald (New) 2023
b. carpal tunnel syndrome - Risk factors for the development of low back pain include all
of the following except:
a. older age
b. carpal tunnel syndrome
c. scoliosis
d. spinal stenosis
c. muscle or ligamentous strain - Most episodes of low back pain are caused by:
a. an acute precipitating event
b. disk herniation
c. muscle or ligamentous strain
d. nerve impingement
c. L5 and S1 - With the straight-leg-raising test, the NP is evaluating tension on which of
the following nerve roots?
a. L1 and L2
b. L3 and L4
c. L5 and S1
d. S2 and S3
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM - A pt with a lumbosacral strain will typically
report:
a. numbness in the extremities
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM
c. "electric" sensation running down one or both legs
d. pain at its worst when in a sitting position
b. back-strengthening exercises can cause mild muscle soreness - You see a 54 y/o
man c/o low back pain and is dx with acute lumbosacral strain. which of the following is
the best advice to give about exercising?
a. you should not exercise until you are free of pain
b. back-strengthening exercises can cause mild muscle soreness
c. electric-like pain in response to exercise is to be expected
,d. conditioning exercises should be started immediately
b. age < 50 years - Risk factors for lumbar radiculopathy include all of the following
except:
a. male gender
b. age < 50 years
c. overweight
d. cigarette smoking
c. shooting pain that starts at the hip and radiates to the foot - A pt with sciatica will
typically report:
a. loss of bladder control
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM
c. shooting pain that starts at the hip and radiates to the foot
d. pain at its worst when lying down
a. loss of deep tendon reflexes - Early neurological changes in pts with lumbar
radiculopathy include:
a. loss of deep tendon reflexes
b. poor two-point discrimination
c. reduced muscle strength
d. footdrop
d. soft tissue abnormality - Common causes of sciatica include all of the following
except:
a. herniated disk
b. spinal stenosis
c. compression fx
d. soft tissue abnormality
a. cauda equina syndrome - You see a 48 y/o woman who reports low back pain. during
the eval, she mentions the new-onset loss of bowel and bladder control. this most likely
indicates:
a. cauda equina syndrome
b. muscular spasm
c. vertebral fx
d. sciatic nerve entrapment
,d. presence of moderate pain lasting at least two weeks - Immediate diagnostic imaging
for low back pain should be reserved for all of the following except:
a. presence of signs of the cauda equina syndrome
b. presence of severe neurologic deficits
c. presence of risk factors for cancer
d. presence of moderate pain lasting at least two weeks
c. MRI - Which of the following tests yields the greatest amount of clinical info in a pt
with acute lumbar radiculopathy?
a. lumbosacral radiograph series
b. ESR measurement
c. MRI
d. bone scan
d. bed rest for at least 5 days - You see a 37 y/o man c/o low back pain consisting of
stiffness and spasms but without any sign of neurologic involvement. You recommend
all of the following interventions except:
a. application of cold packs for 20 mins 3-4 x a day
b. use of NSAIDs or acetaminophen for pain control
c. initiation of aerobic and toning exercises
d. bed rest for at least 5 days
d. distal interphalangeal joint - Which of the following joints is most likely to be affected
by osteoarthritis?
a. wrists
b. elbows
c. metacarpophalangeal joint
d. distal interphalangeal joint
a. widening of the joint space - Changes to the joint during osteoarthritis can typically
include all of the following except:
a. widening of the joint space
b. articular cartilage wears away
c. formation of bone spurs
d. synovial membrane thickens
, c. warm joint - Clinical findings of the knee in a pt with OA include all of the following
except:
a. coarse crepitus
b. joint effusion
c. warm joint
d. the knee often locks or a pop is heard
c. osteophytes - Radiographic findings of OA of the knee often reveal:
a. microfractures
b. decreased density of subchondral bone
c. osteophytes
d. no apparent changes to the joint structure
b. Bouchard nodes - Deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joints found in an elderly
pt with OA is known as:
a. Heberden nodes
b. Bouchard nodes
c. hallus valgus
d. Dupuytren contracture
a. worst sxs in wt bearing joints later in the day - Which of the following best describes
the presentation of a pt with OA?
a. worst sxs in wt bearing joints later in the day
b. symmetrical early morning stiffness
c. sausage-shaped digits with associated skin lesions
d. back pain with rest and anterior uveitis
c. no disease-specific lab abnormalities - As part of the evaluation of pts with OA, the
NP anticipates finding:
a. anemia of chronic disease
b. carpal tunnel syndrome - Risk factors for the development of low back pain include all
of the following except:
a. older age
b. carpal tunnel syndrome
c. scoliosis
d. spinal stenosis
c. muscle or ligamentous strain - Most episodes of low back pain are caused by:
a. an acute precipitating event
b. disk herniation
c. muscle or ligamentous strain
d. nerve impingement
c. L5 and S1 - With the straight-leg-raising test, the NP is evaluating tension on which of
the following nerve roots?
a. L1 and L2
b. L3 and L4
c. L5 and S1
d. S2 and S3
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM - A pt with a lumbosacral strain will typically
report:
a. numbness in the extremities
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM
c. "electric" sensation running down one or both legs
d. pain at its worst when in a sitting position
b. back-strengthening exercises can cause mild muscle soreness - You see a 54 y/o
man c/o low back pain and is dx with acute lumbosacral strain. which of the following is
the best advice to give about exercising?
a. you should not exercise until you are free of pain
b. back-strengthening exercises can cause mild muscle soreness
c. electric-like pain in response to exercise is to be expected
,d. conditioning exercises should be started immediately
b. age < 50 years - Risk factors for lumbar radiculopathy include all of the following
except:
a. male gender
b. age < 50 years
c. overweight
d. cigarette smoking
c. shooting pain that starts at the hip and radiates to the foot - A pt with sciatica will
typically report:
a. loss of bladder control
b. stiffness, spasm, and reduced ROM
c. shooting pain that starts at the hip and radiates to the foot
d. pain at its worst when lying down
a. loss of deep tendon reflexes - Early neurological changes in pts with lumbar
radiculopathy include:
a. loss of deep tendon reflexes
b. poor two-point discrimination
c. reduced muscle strength
d. footdrop
d. soft tissue abnormality - Common causes of sciatica include all of the following
except:
a. herniated disk
b. spinal stenosis
c. compression fx
d. soft tissue abnormality
a. cauda equina syndrome - You see a 48 y/o woman who reports low back pain. during
the eval, she mentions the new-onset loss of bowel and bladder control. this most likely
indicates:
a. cauda equina syndrome
b. muscular spasm
c. vertebral fx
d. sciatic nerve entrapment
,d. presence of moderate pain lasting at least two weeks - Immediate diagnostic imaging
for low back pain should be reserved for all of the following except:
a. presence of signs of the cauda equina syndrome
b. presence of severe neurologic deficits
c. presence of risk factors for cancer
d. presence of moderate pain lasting at least two weeks
c. MRI - Which of the following tests yields the greatest amount of clinical info in a pt
with acute lumbar radiculopathy?
a. lumbosacral radiograph series
b. ESR measurement
c. MRI
d. bone scan
d. bed rest for at least 5 days - You see a 37 y/o man c/o low back pain consisting of
stiffness and spasms but without any sign of neurologic involvement. You recommend
all of the following interventions except:
a. application of cold packs for 20 mins 3-4 x a day
b. use of NSAIDs or acetaminophen for pain control
c. initiation of aerobic and toning exercises
d. bed rest for at least 5 days
d. distal interphalangeal joint - Which of the following joints is most likely to be affected
by osteoarthritis?
a. wrists
b. elbows
c. metacarpophalangeal joint
d. distal interphalangeal joint
a. widening of the joint space - Changes to the joint during osteoarthritis can typically
include all of the following except:
a. widening of the joint space
b. articular cartilage wears away
c. formation of bone spurs
d. synovial membrane thickens
, c. warm joint - Clinical findings of the knee in a pt with OA include all of the following
except:
a. coarse crepitus
b. joint effusion
c. warm joint
d. the knee often locks or a pop is heard
c. osteophytes - Radiographic findings of OA of the knee often reveal:
a. microfractures
b. decreased density of subchondral bone
c. osteophytes
d. no apparent changes to the joint structure
b. Bouchard nodes - Deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joints found in an elderly
pt with OA is known as:
a. Heberden nodes
b. Bouchard nodes
c. hallus valgus
d. Dupuytren contracture
a. worst sxs in wt bearing joints later in the day - Which of the following best describes
the presentation of a pt with OA?
a. worst sxs in wt bearing joints later in the day
b. symmetrical early morning stiffness
c. sausage-shaped digits with associated skin lesions
d. back pain with rest and anterior uveitis
c. no disease-specific lab abnormalities - As part of the evaluation of pts with OA, the
NP anticipates finding:
a. anemia of chronic disease
