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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 11 het bloed

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samenvatting van anatomie en fysiologie zorgthema 4, 1ste jaar verpleegkunde

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Hoofdstuk 11:
cardiovasculair stelsel, het bloed

,INHOUD

een inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 3
functies en eigenschappen bloed ............................................................................................................................. 3
wat is bloed? ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
functies ................................................................................................................................................................. 3
transport ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
stabilisering van de ph ...................................................................................................................................... 4
beperking van vloeistofverlies .......................................................................................................................... 4
verdediging ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
stabilisering lichaamstemperatuur ................................................................................................................... 4
samenstelling bloed .............................................................................................................................................. 5
bloedafname en onderzoek ................................................................................................................................. 5
plasma....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
samenstelling ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
plasma eiwitten .................................................................................................................................................... 6
albuminen ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
globulinen ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
fibrinogeen ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
afkomst ............................................................................................................................................................. 7
rode bloedcellen ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
relatieve hoeveelheid RBC.................................................................................................................................... 7
structuur rode bloedcellen ................................................................................................................................... 8
structuur en functie hemoglobine........................................................................................................................ 8
bouw ................................................................................................................................................................. 8
fysiologie ........................................................................................................................................................... 9
bloedarmoede .................................................................................................................................................. 9
levensduur van RBC en circulatie ....................................................................................................................... 10
hergebruik van hemoglobine ......................................................................................................................... 10
erytropoëse ............................................................................................................................................................ 11
regulering van erytropoëse ................................................................................................................................ 11
erytropoëtine.................................................................................................................................................. 11
bloedgroepen ......................................................................................................................................................... 12
antigenen ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
kruisreactie bij bloedtransfusie .......................................................................................................................... 12
hemolytische aandoeningen bij pasgeborenen – resusincompatibiliteit .......................................................... 13
leukocyten – witte bloedcellen .............................................................................................................................. 14


1

, verplaatsing en circulatie van leukocyten .......................................................................................................... 14
types leukocyen .................................................................................................................................................. 15
neutrofielen .................................................................................................................................................... 16
eosinofielen .................................................................................................................................................... 16
basofielen ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
monocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
lymfocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
stollingsproces ........................................................................................................................................................ 17
Trombocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
hemostase .............................................................................................................................................................. 18
fase van hemostase ............................................................................................................................................ 18
vasculaire fase ................................................................................................................................................ 18
bloedplaatjesfase............................................................................................................................................ 18
coagulatiefase ................................................................................................................................................. 18
stollingsproces .................................................................................................................................................... 19
calcium en vit B ............................................................................................................................................... 20
retractie en verwijdering van stolsels ................................................................................................................ 20




2

, HOOFDSTUK 11: CARDIOVASCULAIR
STELSEL: BLOED
EEN INLEIDING

Lichaam communiceert voortdurend via chemische stoffen met uitwendig milieu.

Snelle uitwerking van die chemische stoffen door gebruik van bloedvatenstelsel = inwendig transportnetwerk

Bloedvatenstelsel  centrale verwarming

Bloedvatenstelsel Centrale verwarming
Circulerende vloeistof Bloed Water

Pomp Hart Waterpomp

Buizennetwerk Bloedvaten Buizen

Functiestoornissen door:
 Vloeistofverlies
 Gebreken aan de pomp
 Beschadiging buizen

FUNCTIES EN EIGENSCHAPPEN BLOED

WAT IS BLOED?

Bloed = circulerende vloeistof in bloed en is een gespecialiseerd type bindweefsel dat bestaat uit cellen die in
een vloeibare matrix ronddrijven.

FUNCTIES

5 belangrijke functies:

 Transport
 Stabilisering pH
 Beperking vochtverlies
 Verdediging
 Stabilisering lichaamstemperatuur


TRANSPORT
Transport van:

 Opgeloste gassen
 Voedingstoffen
 Hormonen
 Afvalproducten van stofwisseling


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Samenvattingen verpleegkunde KDG

Samenvatting van de opleiding verpleging van het eerste jaar tot het vierde jaar. Samenvattingen zijn compleet, met de samenvattingen alleen te leren kan je hoge punten halen. Bij vragen of extra uitleg over een deel mag je me altijd contacteren.

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