SCRN Final Exam Practice Questions With Correct Answers Latest Graded A+

SCRN Final Exam Practice Questions With Correct Answers Latest Graded A+. What is a way to remember the purpose of the Broca's and Wernicke's areas? - Answer- Before I Speak, We must listen. The B and W, in the sentence represent the Broca and Wernicke area's respectively. Also, Broca's area comes first to signify it is in the frontal lobe. What parts of the brain make up the diencephalon? - Answer- Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Pituitary gland What functions does the thalamus contain? - Answer- The thalamus relays auditory, somatosensory, visual, and gustatory signals. It also influences arousal and consciousness What purpose does the basal ganglia serve? - Answer- Connection between motor cortex and brainstem, therefore, controlling voluntary movement and coordination of movement What structures are included in the brainstem? - Answer- Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla Oblongata Which cranial nerves are located in the midbrain? - Answer- CN III & IV Which cranial nerves are located in the Pons? - Answer- CN V, VI, VII, & VIII Which cranial nerves are located in the medulla oblongata? - Answer- CN IX, X, & XII What is the pons responsible for controlling? - Answer- Sleep, respiratory drive, swallowing, bladder control, taste, eye movement, & facial expression What is the medulla oblongata responsible for controlling? - Answer- Controls respiratory rates, heart rates, & digestive process such as vomiting, coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and balance What is the main function of the cerebellum? - Answer- Balance What two major cerebral arteries does the internal carotid artery directly form on the Circle of Willis? - Answer- ACA and MCA Which vessel from the branch of the aorta leads into the internal carotid arteries? - Answer- The left and right common carotid arteries Which vessel from the branch of the aorta leads into the vertebral arteries? - AnswerThe right and left subclavian artery. *Fun Fact* the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries do not stem from the aorta directly and instead bifurcate from the brachiocephalic artery Which 5 cerebral arteries make up the circle of Willis? - Answer- Internal carotid, ACA, Anterior communicating artery, PCA, & posterior communicating artery Which 3 cerebral arteries are not a part of the circle of Willis? - Answer- MCA, vertebral artery, and basilar artery What does the left and right vertebral artery merge into to form? - Answer- They converge at the level of the pons to form the basilar artery What cerebral arteries perfuse the anterior part of the brain including the cerebrum, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and majority of the parietal lobes? - Answer- ICA, MCA, ACA, What parts of the brain does the ICA perfuse? - Answer- It connects the aorta to the entire anterior portion of the brain What parts of the brain does the MCA perfuse? - Answer- Most of the frontal lobe and parietal lobes, inferior portion of the temporal lobe, and basal ganglia What parts of the brain does the ACA perfuse? - Answer- Medial portion of the frontal lobe, and the medial & superior portion of the parietal lobe, corpus callosum, and basal ganglia What cerebral arteries perfuse the anterior part of the brain including the posterior aspect of the parietal lobes, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and brain stem? - AnswerVertebral Arteries, basilar artery, PCA What parts of the brain does the basilar artery perfuse? - Answer- Cerebellum (via branching arteries) and Pons What parts of the brain does the PCA perfuse? - Answer- Occipital lobe, inferior portion of the temporal lobe, and thalamus What artery is responsible for perfusing most of the parietal lobe? - Answer- MCA If the middle part of the parietal lobe were to lose perfusion, what symptoms could you expect? - Answer- People cannot tell the right from the left side (called right-left disorientation) and have problems with calculations and writing. They may have problems sensing where parts of their body are (a sense called proprioception) If the nondominant (usually right) part of the parietal lobe were to lose perfusion, what symptoms could you expect? - Answer- Damage would lead to people having an inability to perform simple skilled tasks such as combing hair or eating (Apraxia). Also, people typically deny or ignore the serious nature of their disorder. What is Apraxia? - Answer- Inability to perform learned (familiar) movements on command, even though the command is understood and there is a willingness to perform the movement. Both the desire and the capacity to move are present but the person simply cannot execute the act. If the left side of the temporal lobe were to lose perfusion, what symptoms could you expect? - Answer- The Wernicke's area would be damaged leading to issues with language comprehension (receptive aphasia) If the occipital lobe were to lose perfusion, what symptoms could you expect? - AnswerInability to form visual memories, procession and interpreting vision, integrating spatial information with the parietal lobes