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Perception - samenvatting van de collegestof

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February 21, 2017
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Written in
2016/2017
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Lecture 1 – Sensation, perception and their measurements
Hoofdstuk 1 en 2

Why should we study perception?
What if there is no perception  we would be in a void
There would be no sense of anything, we could not see or hear - sense of nothingness (corticaal grey)

Dus key point: perception is fundamental to our life – we kunnen niet zonder

Heel vroeger was deze realisatie er al, bijvoorbeeld:
- Protagoras (490-420 BC): “Man is the measure of all things: of things which are, that they
are, and of things which are not, that they are not”
• we are the judge, we are perceiving things
- Plato’s allegory of the cave: a complete reality consisting of shadows on the wall
• de mensen in de cave zien alleen een shadow world
ze zien niet de echte reality outside: alleen shadows van objecten en niet de
objecten zelf – dus de perceptual reality vd mensen bestaat uit de shadow world
• there are levels of perception
- Dieren en mensen worden defined in the way they percieve
wat een honeybee ziet van een bloem is niet zoals wij de bloem zien – dus de reality van de
bloem is voor de bee anders dan voor ons

 Perception defines what we do

But is our perceptual system the perfect measuring device it appears to be?

“What we see is real, in most cases” – vroeger dachten deze dat ook al:
- Democritus (460-370 BC): perception arises due to physical interaction between the world
and the body (ontwikkelde de atomic theory) – and is therefore to be trusted
• because of the fysical reaction (fotons op retina) we can always trust our perception
because it measures reality
- Kant (1742-1804): “[...] the senses do not errors — not because they always judge rightly,
but because they do not judge at all”
• er is geen subjective judgement in our perception (camera recorder idee)

Een illusie van en spiraal  maar het zijn cirkels …
dit is een voorbeeld van dat senses niet altijd compleet betrouwbaar zijn

Idee: our senses werken zoals camera (detecteren alleen iets als het er is)
en dan maken de hersenen de fouten

Do the senses project a true image onto the brain – which might then be ‘misinterpreted’?
- It seems that illusions can arise at various stages during sensation (de earliest parts of
perception) and perception
• illusie van de Parthenon gebouw looking square and elegant
• Benhams top: the impression of colour is an illusion
- Illusions can help us discover how our perceptual system works
• de fysieke stimulatie van vlak A en B is hetzelfde maar ze lijken een andere kleur grijs
te zijn, de context hier kan een verklaring zijn voor deze illusie

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