PRACTICAL MANUAL ZOOLOGY 2604

PRACTICAL MANUAL
ZOOLOGY 2604

,PRACTICAL MANUAL
ZOOLOGY 2604

2022




COMPILED BY DR R PIETE

MODIFIED BY MR NM CHABALALA

, 2 ZOL2604
2022




© 2017 University of South Africa


All rights reserved.


Printed and published by the
University of South Africa
Muckleneuk, Pretoria


ZOL2604/1/2018–2022



Layout done by the Department.
Florida

, 3 ZOL2604
2022


TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION A: ANIMAL EMBRYOLOGY................................................................................4

PRACTICAL 1: Important Reproductive Structures.............................................................. 4

PRACTICAL 2: Development of Branchiostoma................................................................ 12

PRACTICAL 3: Development of Amphibia......................................................................... 29

PRACTICAL 4: Development of Aves to 96 hours.............................................................39

PRACTICAL 5: Development of 48 h Aves and pig embryo ..............................................58

SECTION B: COMPERATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY....................................................63

PRACTICAL 1: Ammonia excretion rate in the freshwater crab Potamonautes warreni ... 63
PRACTICAL 2: Carbon dioxide in exhaled human air under different respiratory
conditions…........................................................................................................................ 65
PRACTICAL 3: Fish respiration: build a counter current exchange model.........................72

PRACTICAL 4: Blood physiology: Erythrocyte functions ................................................... 77
PRACTICAL 5: Osmosis and Diffusion……….. .................................................................85