Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2 Module 5 Exam: Lymphatic System Already Passed

Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2 Module 5 Exam: Lymphatic System Already Passed Label the organ below (highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow): Thymus Name the lymphatic vessel below (highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow): Right Lymphatic Duct True or False: Lymph flows from the heart out to the tissues via the lymphatic vessels. false True or False: Fluid inside tissues that is not returned via the veins is returned to the heart through the lymph system. true True or False: Lymph fluid moves in the following order: Lymphatic Duct→ lymph vessels → Lymph capillaries → Veins false Correct Order: lymph capillaries-vessels-lymph ducts-subclavian vein A patient has lymphedema in his left arm. What lymph vessel would most likely be obstructed? Thoracic Duct Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning lymph nodes? A. The groin contains a large grouping of lymph nodes. B. The axilla contains a large grouping of lymph nodes. C. A lymph node is an encapsulated fibrous connective tissue with incoming and outgoing vessels. Correct! D. There are more efferent vessels than afferent vessels. E. A&B are False. Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the spleen? A. It is found in the left side of the abdomen. B. It acts as to remove old platelets in the blood. Correct! C. It has many efferent and afferent lymph vessels. it has one incoming artery and one outgoing vein D. It is divided into regions called lobules. E. A&B are False Blood enters the spleen via the _______________. Splenic artery Blood in the hepatic portal system transports blood to this organ before returning it to general circulation. liver These small lymphoid organs are found bilaterally in the posterior portions of the throat. Palatine tonsils Which of the following people would you expect to have the smallest thymus gland? A. Newborn infant B. 5-year-old C. 30- year-old D. Correct! 75- year-old The thymus produces hormones which helps these types of cells mature? (Select all that apply.) A. Correct! T cells B. B cells C. Macrophages D. Neutrophils E. Eosinophils Which of the following is a part of the nonspecific immune response system? (Select all that apply.) Correct! Normal flora Correct! Cytokines T cells (specific immune system) B cells (specific immune system) Correct! Interleukins Discuss how mild fevers are beneficial. Fevers help the body fight infection by interfering with the growth and replication of pathogens. Fevers also causes lysosomes, an organelle inside cells, to break down. The lysosomes release digestive enzymes that lyse cells infected by a virus. In addition, fevers can promote the activity of white blood cells. Mild fevers of short duration can aide in recovery. Interferons inhibits what type of infection agent: virus Match the cell with its best description. Has granules in the nucleus and is the most abundant of the white blood cells. A. Correct! Neutrophil B. Eosinophil C. Basophil D. Macrophage E. Monocyte Match the cell with its best description. Select all that apply. Performs phagocytosis A. Correct! Neutrophil B. Eosinophil C. Basophil D. Correct! Macrophage E. Correct! Monocyte Match the cell with its best description. This cell is involved in the release of histamines and heparin. A. Neutrophil B. Eosinophil C. Correct! Basophil D. Macrophage E. Monocyte Which type of immune cell continues to produce a small amount of antibody after the infection is over: A. Killer T cells B. Memory T cells C. Correct! Memory B cells D. Cytokines These are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus: A. Cytotoxic T cells B. Helper T cells C. B cells D. NK cells Correct! E. A&B T cells originate in the bone marrow but mature in the thymus F. C&D These cells contain an antigen receptor as part of their cell coat: A. Correct! T cells B. Memory B cells C. Interferons D. Plasma cells E. Neutrophils What is FALSE concerning the MHC? A. Correct! These are antibody receptors found on only certain types immune cells. B. T cells recognize and destroy invading cells using the MHC. C. It is genetically determined and unique to each person D. Abnormal cells display a different MHC than healthy cells Discuss how cell-mediated immunity defends the body against diseases. Give an example of what type of cell uses this form of immunity in the body. T cells work through cell mediated immunity which locally releases contents such as cytokines or enzymes to kill a pathogen or infected cell. (Other examples could include phagocytosis by macrophages, monocytes, or neutrophils by directly engulfing and killing a pathogen) What are immunosuppressant drugs and why are they necessary? Immunosuppressant drugs suppress the immune system. Suppressing the immune system is necessary so that the body does not reject the organ transplant or tissue graft. While taking these immunosuppressant drugs the patient is more susceptible to disease. In Rheumatoid arthritis, immune cells attack the ______. Synovial lining/joints A patient is admitted to the ER with hives and difficulty breathing. What is most likely happening? anaphylaxis due to an allergic reaction Look at the patient in the picture below. This patient does not want further medical help. Name two concerns you discuss with your patient if she does not continue treatment. The patient is suffering from lymphedema. If left untreated, the leg will continue to swell causing damage to the tissue and vessels that will cause reduced range of motion and flexibility. It could also become infected.