28-30. Explain what is happening to these plant and animal cells th

28-30. Explain what is happening to these plant and animal cells that are placed in three different concentrations of aqueous solutions. Which situation is optimal for plant cells? Why? Solution In all these cases,osmosis is happening.Fig 1, fig 2, and fig 3 are having hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions respectively. Case 1: (i) Animal Cell - The figure shows that animal cell burst. This happens due to the fact that concentration of solute is lesser outside the cell and higher inside the cell. Due to this the solvent moves inside the cell. As a result cell swells up and eventually bursts. (ii) Plant Cell - The figure shows that plant cell has swollen up in size.The reason of swelling up remains the same as above. But the presence of cell wall and large central vacuole do not let plant cell burst easily. Case 2: (i) Animal Cell - The figure shows the cell is in its normal shape and size.This is the case when the concentration of solute inside and outside of the cell remains the same. Due to which the amount of solvent molecules moving inside the cell is equal to the amount of solvent moving outside the cell and hence the shape of the cell is maintained. (ii) Plant Cell - Being the same case of isotonicity, the reason remains the same as above. Case 3- (i) Animal Cell - The figure shows that cell shrinks from the original size.The reason being that the concentration of solute is higher outside and lesser inside the cell. As a result the solvent molecules move from inside to outside the cell.Hnce, the cell shrinks. (ii) Plant Cell- The situation and the reason is same as above. Hypotonic environment is optimal for plant cells.Hypotonicity will help plant cell to take up more water inside the cell and they will swell up and become turgid.The plant cell should be turgid to because it helps plant cell to maintain stability and rigidity of plant tissues.