Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

What is the smooth area between the eyebrows called? A. Philtrum B. Frontal region C. Frontal eminence D. Glabella E. Tragus D. Glabella A. Philtrum - the groove between the upper lip and the nose B. Frontal region - includes the forehead and the area superior to the eyes C. Frontal eminence - prominence of the forehead E. Tragus - smaller flap of tissue of the auricle anterior ro the external acoustic meatus Research misconduct involves all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A. Plagarism B. Falsifying data C. Eliminating conflicts of interest D. Misrepresenting data E. Patent infringement C. Eliminating conflicts of interest Research misconduct includes plagarism, copyright or patent infringement, falsifying or fabricating data, misrepresenting data, and conflict of interest During your periodontal charting, which of the following gingival features should be included in your description? A. Color B. Contour C. Consistency D. Distribution E. All of the above E. All of the above Describe in the progress note: - Color (coral pink, erythematous, cyanotic) - Contour (knife-edge, rolled margin, bulbous, clefting) - Consistency (firm, edematous, fibrotic) - Texture (stippled, smooth/glossy) - Distribution (generalized, localized) As a group, ester-type local anesthetics area more likely than amide-type local anesthetics to cause which of the following drug effects? A. Allergy B. Overdose C. Vasovagal syncope D. Nausea and vomiting E. Hypertension A. Allergy Which of the following does most of the drug metabolism in the body? A. Liver B. Kidney C. Thyroid D. Parathyroid E. Adrenal gland A. Liver Drug metabolism is carried out in the body by the liver, kidneys and intestines, but the bulk of the work is done by the liver Which of the following analgesics might your dentist tell a patient to avoid following removal of third molars due to an increased risk of bleeding? A. Tylenol B. Percocet C. Vicodin D. Motrin E. Lorcet D. Motrin Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It may cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal. What is a progressice disease in which the bone marrow produces and increased number of immature or abnormal white cells? A. Myeloma B. Lymphoma C. Leukemia D. Rheumatoid arthritis E. Hemophilia C. Leukemia Leukemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells. How does the maxilary central incisor compare to the maxillary central incisor in root form? A. Maxillary central incisor is longer B. Maxillary lateral incisor is longer C. Maxillary central incisor is shorter, but wider D. Maxillary lateral incisor is shorter, but wider E. They are both approximately the same length E. They are both approximately the same length The maxillary lateral incisor is smaller than the maxillary central incisor in all dimensions except root length You get a call from a frantic mom who claims her son has fallen off his bike and "knocked: his front tooth out. She has the tooth and wants to come in so her son can be seen. You tell her to hurry in with the tooth and tell her to transport the tooth in which of the following? A. Whole milk B. Hanks balanced salt solution C. Her sons cheek D. Physiologic saline E. All of the above E. All of the above The most often recommended are: salica, physiologic saline, milk and pH balanced cell preserving fluids. Water and ice have been shown to damage tooth root cells. Teeth should never be stored in them. Which of the following is true concerning the well controlled diabetic? A. Fasting blood sugar < 125 mg/dl B. Post priandial < 140 mg/dl C. HbA1C < 7% D. Use maximum of 2 carpules Lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine E. All of the above E. All of the above Blood tests for diabetes: - Fasting blood sugar (FBS): <125 mg/dL - Current stringent FBS guideline: <100 mg/dL - Post priandial (PP) or post meal: 140 mg/dL - HbA1C (4-6%): <7% in controlled patients - HbA1C >8%: Uncontrolled diabetes in the past 2-3 months Which of the following is not a mechanism of action of fluoride? a. Reduced acid soluubility b. Enzyme inhibition c. Decreased morphology D. Polysaccharide synthesis E. Lower free surface energy c. Decresed morphology Possible mechanisms of action of Fluoride: - reduced acid solubility - improved morphology - enzyme inhibition - polysaccharide synthesis - lower free surface energy - promotion of reminieralization For most young children, a toothbrush prophylaxis is efficient for removing plaque, because it is non-threatening to young children and serves to demonstrate the proper technique of brushing to the caregiver. a. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct *b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related A pea-sized amount of toothpaste is recommended for children between the ages of 2 and 6, while a "smear" is appropriate for children under the age of 2 All of the following are types of necrosis EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. Coagulative b. Granular c. Caseous d. Fat e. Fibroid b. Granular There are 6 types of necrosis: - Coagulative necrosis - Liquefactive necrosis - Caseous necrosis - Fat necrosis - Fibroid necrosis - Gangrenous necrosis What structure propagates the action potential (AP) in the atria from right to left? a. Internodal fiber b. Bundle of His c. SA node d. Bachmann's bundle e. Purkinje fibers d. Bachmann's bundle Bachmann's bundle (BB), also known as the interatrial bundle, is well recognized as a muscular bundle comprising of parallel aligned myocardial strands connecting the right and left atrial walls and is considered to be the main pathway of interatrial conduction All of the following are indications for the use of topical fluoride therapy except one. Which one is the exception? a. Active caries b. White spots c. To reduce tooth sensitivity d. Increased salivary flow e. Orthodontic treatment d. Increased salivary flow Reasons for fluoride therapy include: - White spots - Moderate to high risk patients for developing decay - Active decay - Orthodontic treatment - Additional protection if neccesary for children in areas without fluoridated drinking water - To reduce tooth sensitivity - Protect root surface - Decreased salivary flow - Institutionalized patients Which of the following signifies the start of ventricular repolarization? A) P wave B) T wave C) Q complex D) R complex E) S complex B) T wave Which of the following are the multiple bluish-gray macules set on an erythematous background that occur on the buccal and labial mucosa in stage 1 rubeola (measles)? A) Kaposi sarcoma B) Koplik spots C) Molluscum contagiosum D) Verruca vulgaris E) Heck's disease B) Koplik spots They are characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa (opposite the upper 1st & 2nd molars) and are pathognomonic for measles. What is the neurotransmitter involved in the olfactory process? A) Glutamate B) Serotonin C) Acetylcholine (ACh) D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) E) Norepinephrine (NE) A) Glutamate The systemic involvement of fluoride in protection of the enamel does not stop once the tooth has erupted, because consumed fluoride is excreted through the saliva and can aid in tooth protection throughout the lifetime. A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related. C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related The systemic involvement of fluoride in protection of the enamel does not stop once the tooth has erupted; consumed fluoride is excreted through the saliva and can aid in tooth protection throughout the lifetime. All of the following affect how well an enzyme works EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Temperature B) Protein synthesis C) pH D) Substrate concentration E) Enzyme concentration B) Protein synthesis What is the most common potential medical emergency in the dental office? A) Angina B) Heart attack C) Syncope D) Hypoglycemia E) Asthma attack C) Syncope You are performing your head and neck examination and note a raised mole on your patients neck. During palpation you notice a firm node on the opposite side. Which of the following terms describes the opposite side? A) Ipsilateral B) Contralateral C) Superficial D) Medial E) Distal B) Contralateral Contralateral Pertaining to, situated on, or coordinated with the opposite side. Ipsilateral Pertaining to, situated on, or affecting the same side of the body. The cusp of Carabelli is found on which permanent tooth? A) Maxillary 1st molar B) Maxillary 2nd molar C) Maxillary 2nd premolar D) Mandibular 1st molar E) Mandibular 2nd molar A) Maxillary 1st molar The cusp of Carabelli is a small additional cusp at the mesiopalatal line angle of maxillary first molars. All of the following are fat soluble vitamins EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin E E) Vitamin K B) Vitamin B The fat soluble vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K. They may also go by the name lipid soluble vitamins. These vitamins are stored in your body and are dissolved in the stored fat in your body. In turn, they are released when fat is broken down to access the vitamins or for other nutritional or energy needs. There are a number of different water soluble vitamins, and these are all eight B vitamins and the sunshine vitamin, vitamin C. These vitamins are not stored in your body, and because of this you must eat these vitamins every single day to ensure your body has all the nutrients required for proper maintenance and function All of the following are stages in the formation of dental plaque biofilm EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Acquired pellicle formation B) Attachment C) Young subgingival plaque formation D) Mature plaque formation E) Subgingival plaque formation C) Young subgingival plaque formation Five stages of the formation of dental plaque biofilm 1. Acquired Pellicle Formation 2. Attachment 3. Young Supragingival Plaque Formation 4. Mature Plaque Formation 5. Subgingival Plaque Formation