Rasmussen Role and Scope Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2023

Rasmussen Role and Scope Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2023 Ethics - method of inquiry about morality of human behavior -practices or beliefs of a group such as nurses -expected standards of moral behavior -deals with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation Code of ethics for nurses provide broad principles that guide nursing practice, they are not legally binding, although may result in reprimand Morals private or personal standards of what is right and wrong, it aids decision making Values -enduring beliefs or attitudes about the worth of a person, idea, action, or object -ideas or concepts that give meaning to individuals life -is derived from societal norm, religion, family orientation, Autonomy to respect a client's right to self-determination(making free and informed choices about own life) Nonmaleficence To do no harm, either intentional or unintentional Beneficence -the care that is in the best interest of the patient to do good to others, involves weighing risks and benefits of actions, including client advocacy, healthcare providers make choices for clients without their input Justice Fair, equitable, appropriate treatment, resources are distributed equally Fidelity -remaining faithful to ethical principles and professional code of ethics, keeping commitments -keeping ones promise to a client Veracity to tell the truth, creates trust between nurse and client accountability Be answerable to self and others for own actions Ethical dilemmas -differences in a client's values, culture and lifestyle, situations in which ethical principles conflict -problems from which more than one choice can be made and the choice is influenced by values or beliefs Ethics committee assist healthcare professionals to engage in group dialogue about specific client situations and develop policies and procedures aimed at preventing and resolving dilemmas An ethics committee consists of who? Physician, administrator, RN, clergy person, a lawyer, and a person from the community Code of ethics is not a law but when violated can result in what? reprimands, fines, suspension of licensure Board of nursing -Legal limits in nursing are dictated by who and are responsible for enforcing these regulations -qualifies a person to perform designated skills and services, person must pass a licensure exam HIPAA -Describes how PHI can be used and accessed -PHI includes information related to health, treatment, or payment for services rendered -Agencies must maintain privacy and inform clients of their legal responsibilities Good Samaritan Laws -designed to protect those who aid victims in an emergency situations. Care must be free of charge and done in good faith Nurse Practice Act -determines the scope of practice for a professional nurse in a specific state or jurisdiction -protects the public by setting minimum qualifications for nursing -establishes guidelines -a set of statutes -The BON is authorized by NPA to oversee its implementation, maintain licensure requirements and take disciplinary action against individual nurses Type of law - constitutional law due process; equal protection Type of law - Statutory law(legislative) Nurse practice acts, guardianship codes, informed consent, advance directives, abuse reporting, sexual harassment, good Samaritan Law Type of Law - Criminal law (public) Homicide, theft, assault, illegal possession of controlled substances, active euthanasia Type of law - Contract law ( private or civil) contracts between a nurse and a client, nurse and employer, nurse and insurance, and client and agency Tort Law (private or civil) Negligence/malpractice, defamation, invasion of privacy, false imprisonment, assault and battery Liability nurses are responsible and accountable for incorrect or inappropriate actions or inactions negligence -taking actions that fail to maintain a standard of care and that result in injury of another. duty at the time of injury, nurse had responsibility for the care of the client. Legal relationship between nurse and client Breach of duty nurse fails to complete duty, can include acts of commission(acts nurse did), acts of omission(acts nurse did not do) Malpractice - negligence by a professional -Boundaries are defined by statute, rules and educational requirement -is usually filed as a civil or tort, results in restitution; rarely filed as criminal charges -nurses can maintain this type of insurance Assault threat of harm or unwanted contact Battery a purposeful touching of client without that client's consent Invasion of privacy can from result from violations of confidentiality fraud deliberately deceiving client for purpose of unlawful gains Defamation of character sharing client information with a third party that results in damage to clients reputation false imprisonment - prohibiting a client from leaving facility -use of chemical or physical restraints without evidence of need Informed consent -a legal protection of client's right to choose type of care desired to make own decisions - -Is required with the exception of emergency situations or when a patient is unresponsive -Must be 18 and have mental capacity and understand information Healthcare provider performing treatment or procedure Who is responsible for obtaining informed consent? Nurse Who can witness an informed content ? -Client is declared incompetent -married or emancipated minors Special considerations of informed consent Advance directives Living will and Durable power of attorney -Are authorized by self-determination act and have two common forms Living will Outlines medical treatment client wishes to refuse or admit if they are unable to make decisions Durable Power of Attorney/Health care proxy a person appointed by a client to make medical decisions if they are unable too DNR - order recorded by a healthcare provider when a client wishes to be allowed to die if an arrest should occur -If unknown client must be resuscitated - consent can be given through will, advance directives, or donor card - can be given while client is alive or by family at the time of death Facts to know about organ donation - Age -how can consent be given Incident reports - a communication tool that provide information to risk managers and admin about potential areas of exposure to liability -meant to develop a solution -do not place a copy in client's chart -communicable diseases -evidence of crimes -chemical abuse by a co-worker -unsafe working conditions -sexual harassment Reporting requirements Deontology a system of ethical decision making; based on morals and unchanging principles position a group of tasks assigned to an individual job a group of positions similar in nature and skill level occupation a group of jobs, similar in type of work NLN - National league for nursing maintain and improve the standards of nursing education AACN - American Association of Colleges of Nursing established to help colleges with schools of nursing to improve higher standard of education