Week 2 – Homeostasis (03.10.2022)
Requirements of being and staying alive:
Water (70%)
Food
Oxygen
Heat
Pressure
Homeostasis:
Regulation and maintenance of a constant environment in the body.
Provides a stable environment for the cells of the body.
Minimises disturbances to the internal environment.
Organisms have feedback control for comfort and survival.
Control Systems in the body:
Sensors/Receptors – Gathers data and detects changes.
Control Centre – Receives data, sends messages.
Communication Systems – Delivers messages in form of nerve impulses and hormones
to target organs.
Targets – Organ, tissue or cell that responds to change.
Homeotherms:
Animals that maintain a relatively constant body temperature.
Body Temperature:
45 - Death
37 – Body Temperature
34 – Slower Metabolism
Thermal Production:
Voluntary: Exercise
Involuntary: Shivering
Hypothalamus:
Anterior Hypothalamus
Sweating
Increase of skin blood flow
Decrease heat loss
Decrease skin blood flow
The Thermogenic Effect of Hormones and Exercise:
Catecholamines are increased during exercise
Heat and Cold Acclimatization:
Heat Acclimatization
o Increase plasma volume
o Earlier onset of sweating
o Higher sweat rare
Requirements of being and staying alive:
Water (70%)
Food
Oxygen
Heat
Pressure
Homeostasis:
Regulation and maintenance of a constant environment in the body.
Provides a stable environment for the cells of the body.
Minimises disturbances to the internal environment.
Organisms have feedback control for comfort and survival.
Control Systems in the body:
Sensors/Receptors – Gathers data and detects changes.
Control Centre – Receives data, sends messages.
Communication Systems – Delivers messages in form of nerve impulses and hormones
to target organs.
Targets – Organ, tissue or cell that responds to change.
Homeotherms:
Animals that maintain a relatively constant body temperature.
Body Temperature:
45 - Death
37 – Body Temperature
34 – Slower Metabolism
Thermal Production:
Voluntary: Exercise
Involuntary: Shivering
Hypothalamus:
Anterior Hypothalamus
Sweating
Increase of skin blood flow
Decrease heat loss
Decrease skin blood flow
The Thermogenic Effect of Hormones and Exercise:
Catecholamines are increased during exercise
Heat and Cold Acclimatization:
Heat Acclimatization
o Increase plasma volume
o Earlier onset of sweating
o Higher sweat rare
