Fluid and Electrolytes Medication Quiz (Test questions with correct answers)

Furosemide (Lasix) Fluid Volume Excess correct answers Classification: diuretic Purpose: inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. Increases renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium. Effectiveness persists in impaired renal function. SDR: PO: (Adults) 20-80 mg/day as a single dose initially, may repeat in 6-8 hr Route: PO, IV, IM Side Effects: F and E: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis hypotension, increased BUN, excessive urination Nursing Considerations: Assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes. Notify health care professional if thirst, dry mouth, lethargy, weakness, hypotension, or oliguria occurs. Monitor BP and pulse before and during administration. Spiranolactone (Aldactone) Fluid Volume Excess Potassium sparing diuretic correct answers Classification: diuretic Purpose:Management of primary hyperaldosteronism. Management of edema associated with HF, cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome. Management of essential hypertension. Treatment of hypokalemia (counteracts potassium loss caused by other diuretics). SDR: PO: (Adults) 25-400 mg/day as a single dose or 2 divided doses.HF- 25-50 mg/day. Route: PO Side Effects: F and E: hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Arrhytmias, GI irritation, dysuria Nursing Consideration: Monitor intake and output ratios and daily weight during therapy. Assess patient frequently for development of hyperkalemia (fatigue, muscle weakness, paresthesia, confusion, dyspnea, cardiac arrhythmias). Patients who have diabetes mellitus or kidney disease and elderly patients are at increased risk of developing these symptoms. PO: Administer in am to avoid interrupting sleep pattern. Administer with food or milk to minimize gastric irritation and to increase bio availability. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) NSAIDS may decrease effectiveness Nursing Diagnosis: