GSCE AQA Biology Topic 1- Cell Biology
Exam With Complete Solution
What are 2 examples of eukaryotic cells? - Answer Animal and plant cells
Name an example of a prokaryotic cell - Answer Bacteria
What does the nucleus contain? - Answer Genetic material that controls the activities of
the cell
What is the function of mitochondria? - Answer It is where most of the reactions for
aerobic respiration take place
What does respiration transfer? - Answer Energy that the cell needs to work
What is the cytoplasm? - Answer A gel-like substance where most of the chemical
reactions happen
What does the cytoplasm contain? - Answer Enzymes that control chemical reactions
What is the function of the cell membrane? - Answer It holds the cell together and
controls what goes in and out
What is the function of ribosomes? - Answer It is where protein synthesis happens in
the cell
What is the cell wall made of? - Answer Cellulose
What is the function of the cell wall? - Answer It supports and strengthens the cell
What is the function of the permanent vacuole? - Answer It contains cell sap
What is cell sap? - Answer A weak solution of sugar and salts
What is the function of chloroplasts? - Answer They are where photosynthesis occurs,
which makes food for the plant
What pigment do chloroplasts contain? - Answer Chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll? - Answer A green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis
, What do bacteria cells have instead of a nucleus? - Answer Naked DNA and plasmids
What 2 things found in animal and plant cells aren't found in bacteria cells? - Answer
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
How do light microscopes work? - Answer They use light and lenses to form an image
of the specimen and magnify it
What can be seen through light microscopes? - Answer Individual cells and larger sub-
cellular structures such as nuclei
How do electron microscopes work? - Answer They use electrons instead of light to
form an image
What two things are increased in electron microscopes? - Answer Their magnification
and resolution
What is resolution? - Answer The ability to distinguish between 2 points
Give 3 examples of what can be seen through an electron microscope - Answer The
internal structure of mitochondria, ribosomes and plasmids
What is the equation for magnification? - Answer Magnification= image size/ real size
A specimen is 5 mm wide. Calculate the width of the image of the specimen under a
magnification of x100. Give you answer in mm. - Answer 500mm
What is 0.017 in standard form? - Answer 1.7 x 10^-2
What is 2500 in standard form? - Answer 2.5 x 10^3
What is differentiation? - Answer The process by which a cell changes to become
specialised for its job
What is the function of a sperm cell? - Answer To get the male DNA to the female DNA
What are 4 adaptations of sperm cells? - Answer A long tail, stream lined head, lots of
mitochondria and enzymes to digest layers of the egg cell membrane
What is the function of nerve cells? - Answer To carry electrical signals from one part of
the body to the another
What are 2 adaptations of nerve cells? - Answer They are long to cover more distance
and have branched connections at their ends to connect nerve cells to form a network
Exam With Complete Solution
What are 2 examples of eukaryotic cells? - Answer Animal and plant cells
Name an example of a prokaryotic cell - Answer Bacteria
What does the nucleus contain? - Answer Genetic material that controls the activities of
the cell
What is the function of mitochondria? - Answer It is where most of the reactions for
aerobic respiration take place
What does respiration transfer? - Answer Energy that the cell needs to work
What is the cytoplasm? - Answer A gel-like substance where most of the chemical
reactions happen
What does the cytoplasm contain? - Answer Enzymes that control chemical reactions
What is the function of the cell membrane? - Answer It holds the cell together and
controls what goes in and out
What is the function of ribosomes? - Answer It is where protein synthesis happens in
the cell
What is the cell wall made of? - Answer Cellulose
What is the function of the cell wall? - Answer It supports and strengthens the cell
What is the function of the permanent vacuole? - Answer It contains cell sap
What is cell sap? - Answer A weak solution of sugar and salts
What is the function of chloroplasts? - Answer They are where photosynthesis occurs,
which makes food for the plant
What pigment do chloroplasts contain? - Answer Chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll? - Answer A green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis
, What do bacteria cells have instead of a nucleus? - Answer Naked DNA and plasmids
What 2 things found in animal and plant cells aren't found in bacteria cells? - Answer
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
How do light microscopes work? - Answer They use light and lenses to form an image
of the specimen and magnify it
What can be seen through light microscopes? - Answer Individual cells and larger sub-
cellular structures such as nuclei
How do electron microscopes work? - Answer They use electrons instead of light to
form an image
What two things are increased in electron microscopes? - Answer Their magnification
and resolution
What is resolution? - Answer The ability to distinguish between 2 points
Give 3 examples of what can be seen through an electron microscope - Answer The
internal structure of mitochondria, ribosomes and plasmids
What is the equation for magnification? - Answer Magnification= image size/ real size
A specimen is 5 mm wide. Calculate the width of the image of the specimen under a
magnification of x100. Give you answer in mm. - Answer 500mm
What is 0.017 in standard form? - Answer 1.7 x 10^-2
What is 2500 in standard form? - Answer 2.5 x 10^3
What is differentiation? - Answer The process by which a cell changes to become
specialised for its job
What is the function of a sperm cell? - Answer To get the male DNA to the female DNA
What are 4 adaptations of sperm cells? - Answer A long tail, stream lined head, lots of
mitochondria and enzymes to digest layers of the egg cell membrane
What is the function of nerve cells? - Answer To carry electrical signals from one part of
the body to the another
What are 2 adaptations of nerve cells? - Answer They are long to cover more distance
and have branched connections at their ends to connect nerve cells to form a network
