68 Whiskey – LPC Exam 2023 Questions and Answers

What is a microorganism? - Answer- Living cells found almost everywhere in the environment What is a pathogen? - Answer- Microorganism that causes disease ____________ forming bacteria are the most difficult to control and destroy - Answer- Spore What microorganism needs a host to make a protein and energy? - Answer- Viruses What are standard Precautions? - Answer- A combination of universal precautions designed to reduce risk of transmission of pathogens that involves BSI (Body Substance Isolation). All patients are considered infected. What are the three types of transmission based precautions, what do they entail, and what diseases do they protect against? - Answer- Airborne - tiny microorganisms from evaporated in droplets suspended in the air diseases include TB, measles, chickenpox Droplet - microorganisms are propelled through the air diseases include meningitis, pneumonia, streptococcal pharyngitis, and rubella Contact - direct contact with a susceptible host and an infected person. diseases include respiratory, skin , and wound infections. Herpes simplex virus What is reverse isolation and who would be eligible to receive it? - Answer- Neutropenic (reverse isolation) precautions are to keep microorganisms from the outside environment away from a patient with a weakened immune system. Eligible patients include burns or bone marrow transplants. HIV, patients undergoing chemotherapy or incredibly ill patients. 'What is surgical asepsis? - Answer- A sterile technique where no organisms are carried to the patient and microorganisms are destroyed from surfaces before they can enter the body What is the most frequent mode of disease transmission? - Answer- Direct Contact What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of disease? - Answer- Hand Washing How long should an individual wash their hands for? - Answer- The duration will be a minimum of 10 to 15 seconds, or 2 minutes or longer depending on the potential for contamination List the stages of infection. - Answer- 1. Pathogenic Mircoorganism 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of Exit 4.Vehicle of Transmission 5. Portal of Entry 6. Susceptible Host P R P V P S What is virulence? - Answer- The pathogens strength to cause disease What are the NORMAL COURSE of infection? - Answer- Incubation Period Prodromal Stage Full Stage of Illness Convalescent Stage I, PFC Infection What is a Nosocomial Infection? - Answer- Infections that patients acquire while in the health care facility Getting sick in the hospital is not so comical What authority allows you to dispense direction? - Answer- Off line medical direction What should you do if the dose ordered for a patient by a provider is incorrect? - Answer- You should recheck the dosage with the provider about the suitability of any medication. What is drug tolerance? - Answer- A progressive decrease in the effectiveness of a drug What are the six rights? - Answer- Right Patient Right Medication Right Dose Right Route Right Time Right Documentation What are the signs and symptoms of mild to moderate allergic reaction? - Answer- Involves a generalized body response: