NPTE Integumentary physical therapy questions
with correct answers
Functions of Skin (6) - Answer 1. Protection 2. Insulation 3. Maintenance of homeostasis: fluid balance, regulation of body temp
4. Assists in metabolism: vit D production, aides in elimination of metabolic waste
5. Attachment of muscles (erector pili, frontalis)
6. Receptors in dermis give rise to cutaneous sensations
5 layers of epidermis - Answer 1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum 3. Stratum granulosum 4. Stratum spinosum 5. Stratum basale
Stratum cornuem - Answer 1st layer of epidermis
-shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin
Stratum lucidum - Answer 2nd layer of epidermis formed from dead cells and only occurs in thick portions of the palms and soles of feet
Stratum granulosum - Answer -3rd layer of epidermis containes live keratinocytes (differentiate from epidermal stem cells in basal layer and eventually from outermost layer of epidermis) and Langerhans (immunity cells) Stratum spinosum - Answer -4th layer of epidermis -spiny layer -contains keratinocytes and Langerhans
Stratum basale - Answer -5th layer of epidermis contains epidermal cells, melanocytes (produce melanin) and Merkel cells (associated with light touch sensory discrimination
Dermis (corium) - Answer inner layer composed primarily of collagen and elastin fibrous connective tissues Mucopolysaccharide matrix and elastin fibers provide elasticity, strength to skin
Continas lymphatics, blood vessels, nerves and nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glads Cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells
Subcutaneous tissues (hypodermis) - Answer underneath dermis
consists of loose connective and fat tissues provides insulation, support and cushion for skin; stores energy for skin
Muscles and fascia lie underneath
Sebaceous glands - Answer exocrine glands that secrete fatty substance (sebum) through hair follicles; on all skin surfaces except palms and soles.
Sebum - Answer secreted from sebaceous glands through hair follicles
lubricates skin, defends against bacteria and fungus Eccrine glands - Answer sweat glands widely distributed, open on skin; help control body temperature
Apocrine glands - Answer sweat glands found in axillary and genital areas, open in hair follicles; stimulated by emotional stress
Dermatitis (eczema) - Answer Inflammation that causes itching, redness, skin lesions
Allergic dermatitis - Answer from poison ivy, harsh soaps, chemicals, adhesive tape
Actinic dermatitis - Answer photosensitivity, reaction to sunlight, ultraviolet light
Atopic dermatitis - Answer etiology unknown, associated with allergic, hereditary, or psychological disorders
Acute stage of dermatitis - Answer red, oozing, crusting rash; extensive erosions,
exudate, pruritic vesicles
Subacute stage of dermatitis - Answer erythematous skin, scaling, scattered plaques
Chronic stage of dermatitis - Answer thickened skin, increase skin marking secondary to scratching; fibrotic papules, and nodules; post inflammatory pigmentation changes. Course can be relapsing
with correct answers
Functions of Skin (6) - Answer 1. Protection 2. Insulation 3. Maintenance of homeostasis: fluid balance, regulation of body temp
4. Assists in metabolism: vit D production, aides in elimination of metabolic waste
5. Attachment of muscles (erector pili, frontalis)
6. Receptors in dermis give rise to cutaneous sensations
5 layers of epidermis - Answer 1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum 3. Stratum granulosum 4. Stratum spinosum 5. Stratum basale
Stratum cornuem - Answer 1st layer of epidermis
-shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin
Stratum lucidum - Answer 2nd layer of epidermis formed from dead cells and only occurs in thick portions of the palms and soles of feet
Stratum granulosum - Answer -3rd layer of epidermis containes live keratinocytes (differentiate from epidermal stem cells in basal layer and eventually from outermost layer of epidermis) and Langerhans (immunity cells) Stratum spinosum - Answer -4th layer of epidermis -spiny layer -contains keratinocytes and Langerhans
Stratum basale - Answer -5th layer of epidermis contains epidermal cells, melanocytes (produce melanin) and Merkel cells (associated with light touch sensory discrimination
Dermis (corium) - Answer inner layer composed primarily of collagen and elastin fibrous connective tissues Mucopolysaccharide matrix and elastin fibers provide elasticity, strength to skin
Continas lymphatics, blood vessels, nerves and nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glads Cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells
Subcutaneous tissues (hypodermis) - Answer underneath dermis
consists of loose connective and fat tissues provides insulation, support and cushion for skin; stores energy for skin
Muscles and fascia lie underneath
Sebaceous glands - Answer exocrine glands that secrete fatty substance (sebum) through hair follicles; on all skin surfaces except palms and soles.
Sebum - Answer secreted from sebaceous glands through hair follicles
lubricates skin, defends against bacteria and fungus Eccrine glands - Answer sweat glands widely distributed, open on skin; help control body temperature
Apocrine glands - Answer sweat glands found in axillary and genital areas, open in hair follicles; stimulated by emotional stress
Dermatitis (eczema) - Answer Inflammation that causes itching, redness, skin lesions
Allergic dermatitis - Answer from poison ivy, harsh soaps, chemicals, adhesive tape
Actinic dermatitis - Answer photosensitivity, reaction to sunlight, ultraviolet light
Atopic dermatitis - Answer etiology unknown, associated with allergic, hereditary, or psychological disorders
Acute stage of dermatitis - Answer red, oozing, crusting rash; extensive erosions,
exudate, pruritic vesicles
Subacute stage of dermatitis - Answer erythematous skin, scaling, scattered plaques
Chronic stage of dermatitis - Answer thickened skin, increase skin marking secondary to scratching; fibrotic papules, and nodules; post inflammatory pigmentation changes. Course can be relapsing
