Echo B - VSD and PDA questions with correct answers

VSD - Answer Ventricular septal defect VSD - Most common congenital CHD in children - but Bicuspid is the most common. - Answer 15-20% of small VSD will close spontaneously up to 6 months after birth. 75-80% small VSD will close by 10 years of age. VSD types: 3-4 segments. - Answer 1) membranous; 2) Trabecular or muscular ventricular septal defect; 3) Inlet ventricular septal defect; 4) Outlet ventricular septal defect/ Supra cristal ventricular septal defect/Subpulmonic ventricular septal defect. 1) membranous - most common 70-80% - Answer Smallest part of VSD. Over time it can get bigger and expand into LVOT, we call it: Perimembranous Subaortic type: under the aortic valve under left side, next to right septal of TV leaflet - Answer High rate of closure or due to being small - membranous. 2) Trabecular or muscular ventricular septal defect - 2nd most common type 5-20% - Answer Biggest part of ventricular septal defect. Could be presented single or multiple defects.