NCC EFM Cert. Exam Questions and Answers (Already GRADED A+)

NCC EFM Cert. Exam Questions and Answers (Already GRADED A+) Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______?  Umb. vein to IVC Foramen ovale connects _______to______?  R. atrium to L. atrium Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______?  Pulm. artery to aorta Normal rate  110 to 160 BPM Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation  160 BPM Average rate in fetus with heart block  60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or nodal rate) Sympathetic effects  Incr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood vessels, vital organs dilate and receive more blood Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed  ~ 32wks Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation  Presence or absence of variability Location of chemoreceptors  aortic arch Chemoreceptors respond to?  Changes in O2 and CO2 Location of baroreceptors  Aortic arch and carotid bodies Maximal reactivity occurs when?  Late at night Max duration of fetal nonreactivity?  80min Sensitivity  Probablity of detecting a true positive Specificity  Probability that true negative will be detected False positive  erroneosly positive when reality is negative False negative  erroneously negative when reality is positive NST  Two 15x15 accels in 20min (up to 40min) % of false positive CSTs?  ~ 30% BPP components  Fetal breathing movements  Gross body movements  Fetal tone  Reactive fetal heart rate  Qualitiative amniotic fluid volume BPP Score of 10  Normal BPP Score of 8  Nl infant, low risk of chronic asphyxia BPP Score of 6  Borderline result - rpt in 24hrs BPP Score of 4  Suspect chronic asphyxia BPP Score of 0-2  Strongly suspect chronic asphyxia Early manifestation of fetal acidosis?  Non-reacive NST and loss of FBM Change in FBM with maternal glucose changes?  FBM incr. with rising mGlu  FBM decr. with mHYPOglycemia Maternal smoking effects FBM how?  FBM decr. with msmoking Corticosteroids effects FBM?  corticosteroids may decr. FBM Maternal PAO2 at sea level?  ~105mmHg Change in cardiac output and SVR in pre-E?  CO and SVR INCREASED in pre-E Prolonged decels occured in ___% of uterine rupture?  71% Signif. neonatal morbidity occured when ____min or longer elapsed between onset of HFR decel and delivery.  18min Normal arterial pH for healthy vaginal deliveries?  7.28+/- 0.05 Normal arterial pO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries?  18.0 +/- 6.2 Normal arterial pCO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries?  49.2 +/- 8.4 Normal base deficit for healthy vaginal deliveries?  Less than 12 pH at which acidosis  7.2 (7.1) Tachysystole  >5 contractions in 10min Baseline (defn)  mean FHR rounded to increments of 5 BPM during a 10min perioud excl. periodic or episodic changes, contractions, periods of marked variability, and segments of baseline that differ by >25 BPM Sinusoidal pattern?  Fetal anemia As many as ___% of infants with complete heart block have assoc. congenital cardiac malformations.  50% Mortality rate for newborns with complete heart block  25% Newborn with complete heart block in absence of congen. heart disease frequently has neonatal ___________.  Lupus erthematosus Baseline variability (defn)  Fluctuations in baseline FHR >2 cycles per minute (peak to trough); irregular in amplitude and frequency Minimal baseline variability  undetectable but <or= 5bpm Moderate baseline variability  6-25 bpm Marked variability  >25 bpm T/F Performing fetal stimulation is appropriate during decels or bradycardia.  FALSE - Fetal stim should be performed when FHR is at the baseline. Early Decel (defn)  visually apparrent GRADUAL decrease (onset to nadir >=30sec of FHR below baseline), nadir occurs at peak of contraction Early decel (physiology)  Fetal head copmression (vagal reflex), often sen between 4-6cm dilation