Summary Antifungals

Antifungal Chemotherapies

Common Fungal Infections

 Thrush
 Oral thrush
 Athletes foot
 Nail infections
 Dandruff

Dandruff

 Shampoos containing:
 Zinc pyrithione- kill malassezia fungi
 Salicylic acid- soften and shed dead skin
 Selenium sulphide- slows production of skin cells and kills fungi
 Ketoconazole- antifungal
 Coal tar- slow production of dead skin cells

Animal vs Fungi Cells




Antifungal targets

 Ergosterol cell membrane
 DNA synthesis
 Cell wall

Cell Membrane

 Polyene antibiotics- amphotericin B and nystatin
 Azole anti-fungals- ketoconazole, fluconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole
 Polyenes bind to ergosterol in the membrane and creates a pore leading to cell
Lysis
 Azoles inhibit 14α demethylase of sterols by binding to CYP-450

Imidazoles

 1st generation- singular mono-substituted imidazole ring
 2nd generation- more hydrophilic and orally available but still susceptible to
metabolic degradation
 3rd generation- triazoles is more metabolically stable, more hydrophilic and
orally available