Daance drugs latest update graded A

Daance drugs latest update graded A propofol (diprivan) Produces both rapid anesthesia and recovery, has antiemetic, hypnotic agent and commonly used for outpatient surgery. Wakefulness, intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow with anticonvulsive. Decreases blood pressure by vasodiliation, and sleep apena may be notice after induction. ketamine (ketalar) Anesthesia for short procedures, gives a dysphoric effect, hallucinations, and amnesia. Is a profound analgesia thiopetothal sodium (pentothal) known as sodium pentothal. Has rapid onset short acting, saturates in fat or muscle. The redistribution effects are prolonging w/ infusion methohexital ( brevital) ultrashort acting barbituate, used for anesthesia, highly protein bound S/E tremors, vasodilation, decreased CO, tachycardia, apnea, histimine, hiccups, muscle twitching diazepam (valium) Seditive w/ amnesia effects. may give excitement at administration propofol (diprivan) Should be used within 6 hours after opened. Its highly lipid fat soluble, rapidly redistributed to muscle fat within a few minutes, metabolized in and outside the liver some which take place in the lung. propofol (diprivan) Renal insufficiency, and even chronic renal failure. Increase in carbon dioxide, Hypercarbia in the blood. Induces bronchodilation, which reflexes the airway resulting in laryngospasms. It decreases wheezing in pts with asthma and COPD. allowing pharynegeal suctioning of secretions propofol (diprivan) At the time of injection it can be painful as its administed this can irritate veins. Also has a potential for contamination and infection after the drug has been placed, This is due to a breakdown in the sterile technique Inhalation Agents These may be used by themselves in a sedation procdures Nitrous oxide (N2O) a weak anesthetic gas. Pt may go through different phases of feeling detached or tingling. It is helpful in calming down a child or apprehensive adult prior to venipuncture Nitrous oxide (N2O) for a titrating effect 30%-70% is administered. Without a scavanger it could cause neurologic obstetric problems. Nitrous oxide (N2O) 100% of oxygen is needed after the pt is taken of of the gas if the pt. is relesed to early they may have diffusion hypoxia diffusion hypoxia A phenomenon during emergence from anesthesia that follows the discontinuation of nitrous oxide and during which nitrous oxide rapidly passes from the bloodstream into the alveloli and displaces other gases, including oxygen Ethyl chloride using this is usually in preparation for venipuncture and can be a long wait for it to take affect. vapocoolant a chemical spray applied to the skin to rapidly coll the skin surface and desensitize it in preparation for an injection of medication EMLA (Eutectic mixture of local anesthetic) An ointment containing a mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine that is used as a topical anesthetic prior to venipuncture Topical it is frequnetly used to desensitize the mucosa during an injection and usually is left there for 2-3 mins for full affect. Narcotics drugs that produce insensibility and stupor (eg, morphine, meperidine, fentanyl, (Sublimaze) Narcotics These may be delivered orally, intramuscular, or intravenous. Narcotics potentiate other agents used and allow for smaller doases of sedative. Narcotics may be addictiive and a respirtory depressant, pinpoint pupils are a hallmark sign of narcotic effect. along with drowsiness, hypotension Narcotics if an overdose can be reversed by using naloxone (Narcan) euphoria a feeling of elation or well being caused by a drug or anesthetic agent Fentanyl (sublimaze) is much more potent then demerol and morphine. A rapid onset of action less then 1 minute with the duration of action of 30-45 minutes. Fentanyl (sublimaze) Has more profound respritory effect then morphine, A higher dose may cause muscle or chest wall ridgity Fentanyl (sublimaze) for sedation or general anestheia the amount from .05mg to 0.1 mg (50mcg to 100mcg) remifentanil (ultiva) agents in this drug metabolize by enzymes throughout the body. The rapid onset is usually 1 minute with the duration of 5-10 minutes. Because of the metabolism emzymes this drug can be used on pt. with kidney and liver failure remifentanil (ultiva) elderly distribute and clear drugs more slowly the younger pt. and over 65 pt should have decreased the dosage by 50% and obese pt. should go by lean body mass not total body weight.