SCRN Review (CNRN Part 1) Exam

By definition, what is a neuron? - Answer- An excitable cell that is capable of conducting electrical signals and receive stimuli from the central and peripheral fields What are neuroglia? - Answer- Non-excitable cells with supportive and protective functions What are the two cell categories in the nervous system? - Answer- Neurons (excitable) Neuroglia (nonexcitable) What part of the neuron receives signals? - Answer- Dendrites What part of the neuron sends signals? - Answer- Axons In what space do neurotransmitters cross to send/receive signals? - Answer- Neurosynamptic Cleft Generally, there are two categories of neurotransmitters. What are those two categories? - Answer- Excitatory Inhibitory Many neurons have insulated axons. What is this insulation material called? - Answer- The myelin sheath What cells help support the myelin sheath in the CNS? - Answer- Oligodendrocytes What cells help support the myelin sheath in the PNS? - Answer- Schwann Cells What are the functions of glial cells? - Answer- They provide structural support, nourishment, and protect neurons What is the function of astrocytes? - Answer- -Nutrition -Regulating synaptic connectivity -Removing cellular debris -*Form the Blood Brain Barrier* What neuralgia cell forms the blood brain barrier? - Answer- Astrocytes What is the function of Ependymal cells? - Answer- -Line the ventricular system and choroid plexus -*CSF Production*` What cells act as resting macrophages and are activated - Answer- Microglia The "nervous system" can be divided into 2 general systems. What are they? -