HOSA CPR/First-Aid Already Passed

HOSA CPR/First-Aid Already Passed What would you do if a person is unresponsive? call 911, get the first aid kit and AED, check for breathing , start CPR and use an AED What do you do if the person is breathing normally? stay with them until advanced help arrives and check for injuries and medical information What to do if the person is responsive? ask what the problem is What are some things you can see if a person is chocking? not breathing, person has a cough or no sound, cannot talk or make a sound , they make the choking sign If a person is choking what do you do ? give abdominal thrusts, if the person becomes unresponsive provide CPR Is first Aid is not full and complete treatment true Always check the scene and make sure it is safe to approach an accident victim. true Never move an injured victim unless the victim is in a dangerous area true Never make a diagnosis or discuss the victim's condition with observers at the scene true Since biological death occurs eight to ten minutes after clinical death, it is important to start CPR as soon as possible False To check for breathing , look , listen and feel for breathing for three seconds false To open the airway with a head-tilt chin-lift method, put one hand on the forehead and the finger tips of the other hand under the fleshy part of the jaw. False To do chest compressions on an adult, put two hands over the xiphoid process False To give ventilations to an infant, cover the infant's mouth with your mouth and pinch the infant's nose shut. false Give chest compressions at the rate of 80 per minute for an adult victim false Feel for a pulse for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds before starting chest compressions. true If a victim is choking and coughing, give abdominal thrusts. False If an infant has an obstructed airway, give five back blows followed by five chest thrusts. true Palpate the carotid artery of an infant to see if the infant has a pulse. True if a finger is cut off, pack the finger in ice and transport it with the victim false Venous blood oozes from the wound slowly , is less red than arterial blood , and clots easily. false The pressure point to stop bleeding in the arm is the brachial artery. true If an object such as a splinter or cinder is embedded in the tissue, use sterile tweezers to remove the object. false All shock victims must be positioned flat on the back with the feet raised 12 inches. false any substance that causes a harmful reaction when applied or ingested can be called a poison true If a victim swallows a petroleum product, induce vomiting immediately before the product is absorbed false For a snakebite, wash the wound and immobilize the injured area, positioning it higher than the level of the heart if possible. false A superficial burn involves injury to the top layers of skin, including both the epidermis and dermis false The main treatment for all types of burns is to cool the area by flushing it with large amounts of cool water. False If chemicals splash on the skin and cause burns , use large amounts of water to wash the skin and dilute the chemicals True The internal body temp is 105 degrees or higher in heat exhaustion false To treat a victim of heat stroke , put the victim in a tub of cool water or sponge the skin with cool water. true To treat a victim with frostbite, rub the area vigorously to stimulate circulation and warm the skin False A compound fracture has two breaks in the bone False Treat a dislocation the same way a fracture is treated. true A sprain is an injury to the tissues surrounding a joint True Cold applications are used initially to decrease swelling for both sprains and strains. True To treat a nosebleed, place the victim in a sitting position with the head tilted backward. False An airtight dressing such as aluminum foil, plastic wrap, or nonporous material should be placed over a sucking chest wound True A victim with a sucking chest wound should be positioned on his or her uninjured side with the head and chest slightly elevated False If abdominal organs are protruding from a wound, use a large sterile dressing moistened with sterile water or normal saline to cover the area. True signs and symptoms of a heart attack vary depending on the amount of heart damage True A cerebrovascular accident can be caused by either the presence of a clot in a cerebral artery of hemorrhage from a blood vessel in the brain True Even though a victim is unconscious, he or she may be able to hear and understand what is going on. True Fainting can be a sign of a serious illness or condition that requires medical attention. True If a victim is convulsing, restrain the arms to stop the muscle movements and prevent injury to the victim. False if a diabetic is unconscious and you are not able to determine whether the condition is diabetic coma or insulin shock, put granulated sugar under the victim's tongue True Start CPR and shout for help for any victim of cardiac arrest caused by a drug overdose True Automated external defibrilltors should only be used by emergency medical technicians who have been trained on how to use them False The adult defibrillator dose and adult electrodes should be used for any child older than 8 years. True An AED should not be used on an infant below one year of age False Shock can be caused by emotional distress such as anger, fear, or grief. True If a tick is embedded in the skin, use the edge of a rigid card, such as a credit card, to scrape the tick away from the skin False The rule of nines is used to calculate the percentage of body surface burned True Warm a victim of hypothermia as quickly as possible to speed up body processes and avoid loss of consciousness False After being positioned over a fracture site, air splints are deflated to allow the splints to mold to the fracture site to provide support False Immediate medical care during the first three hours after a cerebrovascular accident can help prevent brain damage True Health care providers should use child CPR methods for any child from one year of age to puberty True Use dressings and gentle pressure to stop the flow of cerebrospinal fluid draining from the nose or ears. False A health care provider should give aspirin to any individual who may be having a heart attack False The first step of first aid is to Recognize that an emergency exists If you are caring for a critical adult accident victim and determine that the victim is unconscious Call EMS immediately What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when one person is performing CPR on an adult victim 30:2 What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when two people are performing CPR on an adult victim 30:2 How far should a child's chest be compressed during cardiac compressions 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest a wound caused by a sharp object such as a knife, scissors, or a razor is a/an incision tetanus is most likely to occur with a/an puncture which of the following is not a sign or symptom of rapid shock elevated blood pressure if a poison has been swallowed, the first step of care is to call a poison control center if a victim has contact with a poisonous plant... wash area with soap and water the type of burn characterized by a red or mottled color, a wet appearance, and a blister or vesicle is a... partial thickness burn to treat color or blood-tinged fluid draining from the ear after a skull injury... allow fluid to pour from ear which of the following is not a symptom of insulin shock sweet or fruity odor from breath the most common bandage wrap for a sprained ankle or wrist is the... figure-eight wrap call first for EMS before CPR for an unconscious adult or child who has reached puberty the type of shock that occurs when vomiting or diarrhea causes dehydration and a disruption in the normal acid-base balance of the body is... metabolic the type of shock that occurs when poisons or toxins in the blood cause vasodilation and the blood pressure is septic Which of the following is not a treatment for a convulsion? Put a blunt object between the victims teeth to keep the victim from biting his or her tongue if an adult victim is unconscious and has an obstructed airway start CPR Which of the following is not a first aid treatment for minor wounds without severe bleeding? apply an antibiotic ointment Condition that can occur with any illness of injury shock Medical emergency caused by prolonged exposure to heat heat stroke Tearing of tissues to create a wound with jagged, irregular edges laceration excessive loss of blood hemorrhage Overstretching of a muscle strain Excessive or profuse perspiration diaphoresis Sterile covering placed over a wound dressing A scraping type of wound prone to infection abrasion Freezing of tissue fluids accompanied by damage to the skin frostbite Low body temperature due to prolonged exposure to cold hypothermia Muscle spasm caused by exposure to heat heat cramp Wound created by a sharp object such as a pin or nail puncture Body part is cut off and separated from the body amputation Violent involuntary contraction of muscles convulsion Material used to secure splints or support body parts bandage Difficult or labored respirations dyspnea Torn tissue hanging from the ear, nose, hand, or other body part avulsion Injury to the tissues surrounding a joint sprain List four types of information you should provide to emergency medical services when you call location, condition, actions take, people involved identify four sources of information you can use to learn about the accident, injury, or illness discomfort/pain, vital signs, check pupils, look for draining fluids Differentiate between clinical death and biological death clinical: heart/ respirations stop biological: death of blood cells What do the ABCDs of CPR stand for? A - Airway B - Breathing C - Circulation D - Defibrillation list five reasons for stopping CPR once it has been started victim recovers, help arrives, ordered to stop, scene is unsafe, they have a legal DNR List the four steps to control severe bleeding in the correct order of their use direct pressure, elevate, pressure bandages, pressure points List five points that should be checked frequently to make sure circulation is not impaired after a splint or bandage has been applied. skin temperatures, skin color, nail beds, tingling, swelling What is triage? work on life-threatening injuries first