Biology Proctored Exam Penn Foster With Complete Solutions 2023

What is a covalent bond? - Answer Results when 2 atoms share electrons in order to have a completed outer shell What is a double covalent bond? - Answer Occurs when 2 atoms share 2 pairs of electroms In order to be an organic molecule it must contain what? - Answer Carbon and hydrogen What are the main groups of organic molecules that build cells and their parts? - Answer Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid What are the properties of water? - Answer Its attraction to polar molecules. High-specific heat. High heat of vaporization. The lower density of ice. High polarity. Carbohydrates - Answer Broken down to glucose to provide energy. What are the different kinds of carbs? - Answer Glucose= monosaccharide that serves as blood sugar Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in plants Glycogen= stores energy in animals Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls Protein - Answer macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair Lipid - Answer Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Serve as a long term energy source Nucleic acid - Answer macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus Form DNA which acts to store genetic information What is the cell theory? - Answer All living organisms are made up of cells The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms All cells arise from pre-existing cells Ribosome - Answer Makes proteins