Neonate Final Exam - Questions With Correct Answers 2023 Graded A+

Neonate Final Exam - Questions With Correct Answers 2023 Graded A+. The diaphragm is formed at which gestation phase of lung development? - ANSWER Embryonic stage What are the minimal development features required for a an immature human fetus to survive outside the uterus? - ANSWER 22-24 weeks gestation Near completion of the cannalicular state of the lung development What is the purpose of the substance secreted by the type II pneumocyte? - ANSWER Reduce surface tension The Respiratory therapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to tracheal stenosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop? - ANSWER Embryonal Which of the following embryonic germ layers give formation to the respiratory system? - ANSWER Endoderm Which of the following organs is considered to be the first to form? - ANSWER Heart Which of the following anatomic structures is a (are) fetal shunt(s)? - ANSWER Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus Foramen ovale Which of following events cause cessation of the right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale? - ANSWER Increase levels of PO2 in the blood of the neonate. An anatomic shunt connecting intra-abdominal umbilical vein to the IVC at its inlet to the heart is known as - ANSWER Ductus venosus The human placenta: - ANSWER is attached to the maternal uterine wall When is an amniocentesis performed? - ANSWER 16-18 weeks what term is use to indicated the number of times the mother has been pregnant? - ANSWER Gravida What is the term for an umbilical cord that becomes coiled around the fetus's neck? - ANSWER Nuchal cord What is the condition in which there is an increase amount of amniotic fluid? - ANSWER Polyhydramnios What is the condition in which the placenta is implanted abnormally low in the uterus and partially or completely cover the cervix? - ANSWER Placenta previa What is the condition called in which the placenta either partially or completely separates from the uterine wall? - ANSWER Placenta abruption What type of medications given to mothers to reduce contractions, delay delivery for 48 hours? - ANSWER Tocolytics What can be given to the mother to help promote lung growth in thee fetus when the mother is experiencing preterm labor? - ANSWER Magnesium sulfate Which of the following conditions is a significant problem in post term pregnancy? - ANSWER Meconium aspiration Women 41 weeks pregnant is at high risk for complication in the postpartum period. Which of the following agents will be more appropriate to induce labor? - ANSWER Oxytocin Rescue surfactant is administered to: - ANSWER Preterm infants with identifiable respiratory distress syndrome. Benefits of alveolar surfactant include I. lowers surface tension II. decreases airway resistance III. Prevent alveolar collapse IV. increase lung compliance - ANSWER I, III, and IV only Which of the following conditions can precipitate apneic episodes? Use of nasal CPAP? - ANSWER Body temperature fluctuations During the assessment of a 2-day-old infant born at 32 weeks' gestation, the following data are available: Heart rate: 122 beats/minute Respiratory rate: 50 breaths/minute, irregular with frequent periods of apnea lasting 15-25 seconds. SPO2: 86-91% Which of the following should the respiratory therapist recommend? - ANSWER Initiation of nasal CPAP at 6 cm H2O What diagnostic parameter is most often used to confirm the diagnosis of RDS? - ANSWER CXR A respiratory therapist is reviewing the electronic medical record of a laboring mother who is 100% effaced and whose cervix is 6-cm dilated. The results of the L:S was 2.5. The respiratory therapist should conclude: - ANSWER The diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome is unlikely. Which of the following is a risk factor for meconium aspiration syndrome? - ANSWER Post term delivery Decrease in surfactant levels - ANSWER Causes atelectasis Which of the following best describes the pathophysiologic effects associated with meconium aspiration syndrome? - ANSWER Chemical pneumonitis An infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension is intubated and receiving continuous mechanical ventilatory support. The infant's pre-ductal SPO2 ranges from 95% to 98%. Which of the following should the respiratory therapist recommend? - ANSWER Maintaining current therapy Which of the following is an acute complication of RDS? - ANSWER Intraventricular hemorrhage Which of the following strategies should a respiratory therapist recommend for an infant admitted to the neonatal ICU with meconium aspiration syndrome? - ANSWER Surfactant replacement therapy Which of the following is effective in accelerating fetal lung development when a preterm delivery is eminent? - ANSWER Administration of antenatal steroids Which of the following best describes the position an infant should be placed during surfactant administration? - ANSWER Supine A respiratory therapist is reviewing the electronic medical record of a preterm infant who is intubated and receiving mechanical ventilation in the neonatal ICU. The progress note specifies the infant received prophylactic surfactant therapy. Which of the following should the respiratory therapist conclude? - ANSWER Surfactant was administered immediately following birth. Rescue surfactant is administered to: - ANSWER Preterm infants with identifiable respiratory distress syndrome. A respiratory therapist is reviewing the chest radiograph of an infant diagnosed with RDS. Which of the following findings should the respiratory therapist expect? - ANSWER Ground-glass appearance of the lungs Which of the following organisms accounts for most causes of early-onset pneumonia? - ANSWER Group B streptococcus Respiratory Distress Syndrome is 1. Mostly seen in premature neonates 2. Normally presenting shortly after birth 3. Associated with grunting of the neonate 4. Hyperinflation and perihilar streaking is seen on chest radiograph - ANSWER 1, 2 and 3 only Which of the following physiologic consequences would develop if the liquid-gas interface were without surfactant? - ANSWER Every breath would require a considerable amount of pressure to expand the lung with each inspiration. A respiratory therapist is providing 40% oxygen at 1 L/min by heated high-flow nasal cannula to a newborn admitted to the neonatal ICU with meconium aspiration syndrome. The SPO2 is 99%. Which of the following should the respiratory therapist do? - ANSWER Maintain current therapy.