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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk-5-Denken-en-intelligentie

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slides lesnota's van hfst5 inleiding in de psychologie

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Uploaded on
December 30, 2016
Number of pages
8
Written in
2014/2015
Type
Summary

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Hoofdstuk 5: Denken en intelligentie

Wat zijn de bouwstenen van het denken?
 Denken heeft te maken met de manipulatie van mentale representaties zoals concepten,
beelden, schema’s, en scripts”
 Alle delen van de hersenen zijn betrokken bij een bepaalde operatie

Concepten
Concepten
 mentale representaties van categorieën elementen of ideeën
o Natuurlijke concepten: ontwikkeld obv alledaagse ervaringen (objecten en
gebeurtenissen)
 Mentale prototypes (vogel)
o Artificiële concepten: gedefinieerd door combinatie van regels of kenmerken
 driehoek
 Veel van deze declaratieve herinneringen worden in conceptuele hierarchieën georganiseerd




Voorstellingsvermogen
 Visuele voorstellingen
o Cognitieve kaarten (Tolman): visuo-spatiale representaties
 Verhuizen: nieuwe omgeving leren kennen
 Stadsplan: structuur
 Aan elkaar linken van verschillende gebieden die je al kent
 Socio-culturele invloeden:
o Gewoonte bepaalt hoe je cognitieve kaarten eruit zien
o Andere voorstelling van hetzelfde: niet herkennen
o Vb. Veel begrippen uit de psychologie ken je onder een andere naam
o Nieuwe begrippenkader aanleren is nieuwe manier van denken ontwikkelen
o Belang van buitenlandse studie- of werkervaring voor de ontwikkeling van flexibiliteit
in denken!

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