Summary The Skeletal System

Skeletal System
Functions of the skeletal system
- Support
- Attachment
- Movement
- Stores calcium
- Protection
- Forms erythrocytes in the bone marrow

Bone tissue
Compact bone
- Appears to be a solid structure, however, has honeycomb (full of holes) called Haversian systems
- Haversian systems are pathways that connect
blood vessels, lymph capillaries and nerves
which run through the tissue.
- Found in the shafts of long bones
- Forms the outer layers of all other bones
Cancellous bone
- Looks like sponge
- Found at the end of long bones and in irregular,
flat and sesamoid bones.

Cross-section of a long bone




Bone development
Osteoblasts
- The cells which build bone
Osteoclasts
- The cells which destroy bone to shape and remould


Types of bones
- Long bones: femur, tibia, fibula, clavicle, humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, metatarsals and
phalanges.
- Short bones: tarsals and carpels
- Flat bones: scapula, sternum, ribs and pelvis
- Irregular bones: vertebrae, zygomatic, temporal, sphenoid and mandible
- Sesamoid bones: patella and hyoid