Cosmetology State Board Examination Review (California) With Correct Answers

The study of the growth and structure of nails is known as - Answer Onyxology Etiology is the study of - Answer The cause of a disease Often referred to as the cuticle, it overlaps the lunula at the base of the nail - Answer Eponychium Infection at the nail base, usually with pus, untreated can cause loss of the nail - Answer Onychia Onychophagy refers to - Answer Bitten nails Onychia refers to a condition where - Answer Inflammation at the base of the nail with pus usually present The technical term for bitten nails is - Answer Onychophagy Tight shoes, or improper trimming of the toe-nails, may result in - Answer Onychocryptosis/ingrown toe-nails Onychocryptosis is a condition that may result from - Answer Excessively tight shoes A nail product used to smooth out and fill in minor depressions in a client's nails is - Answer Ridge filler The nail is composed of a substance known as - Answer Keratin The area from the nail root to the free edge, contains no blood vessels / nerves - Answer Both A & C (Nail plate & Nail body) Portion of the nail assembly where the nail plate rests, contains blood vessels & nerves - Answer Nail bed The point where the nail enters the skin at the nail base is referred to as the - Answer Eponychium The tissue beneath the free edge of the nail is known as - Answer Hyponychium Contains the blood, lymph and nerves from which new nail cells are generated - Answer Nail matrix This is the active tissue from which new nail cells are generated - Answer Nail matrix The nail root and nail matrix are located in this cup / pocket like structure - Answer Nai mantle Leuconychia is a condition that usually presents as - Answer White spots / streaks under the nails The latin / medical term for nails is - Answer Onyx If a finger nail is lost / removed, approximately how long will it take to grow back? - Answer 3 - 6 months if lost / removed, how long will it take to grow a new nail plate / nail body? - Answer 9 - 18 months If a toe-nail is lost / removed, approximately how long will it take to grow back? - Answer 9 - 18 months If the technician causes bleeding to occur during a nail service, they should use - Answer Styptic powder / powdered alum Once destroyed, which part of the nail will not grow again? - Answer Matrix The adhesive coat for nail polish is the - Answer Base coat Pumice powder is most commonly found in - Answer Cuticle cream If bleeding occurs during a manicure / pedicure, use - Answer Antiseptic Always file natural nails - Answer Corner to center The technical term for a hang nail is - Answer Agnail If artificial nails are lifting from the nail bed, this may cause - Answer Mold and infection Cuticle creams will help prevent - Answer Hang-nails / agnails Onychophagy may increase blood flow to the ____ and cause the nail to grow faster - Answer Nail Matrix This portion of the nail effects its shape, size, and rate of growth - Answer Matrix A half-moon at the base of the nail is known as - Answer Lunula Oil or moisture under a nail enhancement may cause - Answer Enhancements to lift / fall off The largest bone in the arm is known as the - Answer Humerous The correct order of application in polishing a client's nails would be - Answer Base coat, enamel, top coat This bone is found in the forearm and on the same side as the little finger - Answer Ulna This bone is found in the forearm and on the same side as the thumb - Answer Radius When removing polish from artificial nails, use - Answer Non-acetone When removing artificial nails or nail enhancements, use - Answer Acetone Before performing any nail service, the nail tech should attempt to find out if the client - Answer Is diabetic What is the best manner in which to treat agnails - Answer Hot oil manicures When in use, how should manicuring / pedicuring implements be kept? - Answer On a clean towel When not in use, manicure / pedicure implements should be stored in a - Answer Closed container These warts, caused by the HPV Virus, are flat, hard, thick growths, usually occurring on the soles of the feet and sometimes look like a circle within a circle - Answer Plantar warts Nail bleaches and lightners usually contain - Answer Hydrogen peroxide Thickened white skin and watery blisters between the toes are indications of - Answer Athlete's foot / Tinea Pedis Another name for Athlete's foot is - Answer Ringworm of the feet / Tinea Pedis Watery blisters and thickened whitish skin between the toes, is known as - Answer Tinea Pedis If your client has brittle / dry nails or dry cuticles, what should you recommend - Answer Hot oil manicures To avoid ingrown toe-nails (onychocryptosis) do not file or clip - Answer Into the corners of the nails The instrument used for trimming the cuticle is a - Answer Nipper A bacterial infection with pus at the nail matrix is known as - Answer Onychia When giving a pedicure with a foot & leg massage, you should not massage over the - Answer Shin bone For a natural effect, the shape of the finger nails should conform to the shape of the - Answer Client's fingers Most nail techs consider the ideal nail shape is - Answer Oval Onychophagy is the technical term for - Answer Bitten nails When pushing back cuticles, how should the nail technician hold the pusher - Answer Angled with medium pressure A semicircular fold of skin overlapping the nail plate on either side - Answer Nail wall To remove your client's acrylic nails, you should - Answer Use nippers to remove unwanted acrylic nail, then soak off remainder in acetone Condition describes a forward growth of the cuticle covering most of the nail plate / body - Answer Pterygium Atrophy or wasting away of the nail plate, may be the result of injury or disease - Answer Onychatrophia These are the tracks on both sides of the nail, through which it moves as it grows - Answer Grooves / Tracks This is the cuticle overlapping the lunula at the base of the nail - Answer Eponychium This is the skin surrounding touching and overlapping the nail on 3 sides - Answer Perionychium Nail shape recommended for individuals who work on computer keyboards - Answer Square The field of medicine dealing specifically with the feet and related issues is - Answer Podiatry Portion of the nail extending beyond the end of the finger / toes, and protecting the tip - Answer Free edge Crescent shaped witish area of the nail bed (not always visible) - Answer Lunula this skin surrounds, touches, and overlaps the nail - Answer Perionychium The term used to indicate inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate / body - Answer Paronychia The fold of skin at the sides of the nail - Answer Perionychium The metacarpus / palm of the hand contains how many long & slender bones - Answer Five The carpus / wrist contains how many bones - Answer 8 The tissue beneath the distal end (free edge) of the nail and the finger or toe; - Answer Hyponychium Hyponychium refers to the - Answer Skin under the free edge The technical term for a "hangnail" is - Answer Agnail The skin beneath / under the Free Edge of the nail - Answer Hyponychium An inflammation at the base of the nail - Answer Onychia What is the primary purpose of nail primer - Answer To improve adhesion What can a nail tech use to smooth out imperfections in a client's natural nails? - Answer Ridge filler What is used to dry and harden gel nails - Answer An ultra-violet light In the salon, nail techs often use styptic in this form to stop bleeding from minor cuts - Answer Powdered alum One of the functions of "primer" when applied during an artificial nail application? - Answer Both A & B are correct (Absorb oil & moisture; Allow for better bonding) The excessive heat often generated by electric nail sanders may harm the - Answer Nail plate A steel nail pusher should be used - Answer On a moist nail What effect will acetone have on a sculptured, artificial, or gel nail - Answer Soften What is the function of a "dehydrator" when applied during an artificial nail application - Answer Absorb oil & moisture This is found at the base of the nail often overlapping the lunula - Answer Eponychium The Latin / medical / technical term for nails - Answer Onyx Very thin nails that are brittle and less flexible than usual are referred to as - Answer Eggshell nails Found at the nail base, may overlap the lunula and extend as far back as the first knuckle - Answer Eponychium This refers to the tissue that is found under the free edge of the nail - Answer Hyponychium This is the deep fold of skin within which the nail root & matrix are found - Answer Mantle Contains many nerves and blood vessels - Answer Nail bed Wavy nail ridges, often the result of uneven growth due to injury, are known as - Answer Corrugations Nail tech will shape / file the nail prior to soaking in the nail bath, this is done because - Answer Both B & C (Filing dry nails is easier for the nail tech; Filing damp nails is more difficult) If the nail matrix is destroyed, what will occur - Answer Nail will not grow again The nail matrix and nail root are found here - Answer Nail mantle Functions as a barrier to stop bacteria / infection from getting to the nail matrix - Answer Eponychium The cuticle overlapping the lunula is referred to as the - Answer Eponychium All nourishment is supplied to the nail from the - Answer Nail root Before the nail tech applies artificial nail enhancements, the natural nail must be - Answer Buffed Improper use of nail nippers may result in - Answer Agnails Very dry cuticles may result in which of the following - Answer Agnail (hangnails) A bacterial infection of the tissue around the nail - Answer Paronychia The active ingredient in nail bleach or whiteners is - Answer Both B & C (Hydrogen peroxide; H2O2) For the most natural look, the shape of the nail should conform to the shape of the - Answer Fingertips Which of the following will not cause nail fungus - Answer Excessive primer The pedicure process begins by - Answer Soaking the feet in a disinfectant footbath When giving a manicure, the proper procedure for dealing with cuticles is - Answer Do not cut unless client insists In discussing a haircut, where is the perimeter located? - Answer At the outer edges It is recommended that you cut extremely curly hair - Answer Dry cut before straightening It is recommended that you cut kinky curly hair - Answer Dry after straightening When cutting extremely curly hair, avoid which of the following cutting implements - Answer Razors When cutting a "cowlick", what tension should be used - Answer No tension When cutting hair with electric clippers, the hair should be - Answer Dry When cutting the hair with a razor, the hair should be - Answer Wet or Damp The reason razor cutting requires damp hair is - Answer To avoid pulling the hair The principal reason for using thinning shears is - Answer Decrease bulk Tapering has many different names, which of the following is not a name for tapering - Answer Blunt Layering means the hair lengths have been cut - Answer Graduated Which of the following would not be useful to thin out the hair - Answer Clippers Which of the following is not a part of your cutting shears - Answer Prong On which part of your cutting shears does your little finger rest - Answer Finger Brace / Guard Which of the following can be achieved with the "shears over comb" technique? - Answer Layering very close to the skin The blood is resupplied with oxygen by the - Answer Lungs In cutting very straight hair, what degree of tension is recommended? - Answer Maximum tension A client has fine, dense hair, and wants it thinned out. How far from the head, should the stylist hold the razor, or thinning shears? - Answer 1 inch Club cutting is a method of cutting the hair - Answer Blunt and straight across To create the appearance of height, cut the hair - Answer Close at the nape and high in the crown When trying to create more body in fine hair - Answer Give a blunt cut In razor cutting, the amount of hair removed in one razor stroke is dependent upon - Answer Angle of the razor When slithering hair, the best results will be obtained when using shears with which edge - Answer Sharp Flexible comb, used in a "scissors over comb" technique, creates a close / tight neckline is - Answer Barber comb Which of the following hair cutting implements may be used on wet or dry hair - Answer Shears Which of the following hair cutting implements could be used on dry hair? - Answer Both A and C (Shears; Clippers) Which of the following hair cutting implements is best used on wet / damp hair? - Answer Razors These hair-cutting lines are used to create a sense of weight and stability - Answer Horizontal These hair-cutting lines are used to create a sense / illusion of movement - Answer Diagonal The angle / degree at which you hold the hair out from the scalp prior to cutting - Answer Elevation A blunt cut, tends to create lines that are - Answer Hard In the "shears over comb" cutting technique, which comb is generally used - Answer Barber comb In the "shears over comb" technique, you should work with an area - Answer No wider than the comb In the "shear over comb" technique, the angle of the comb will determine - Answer The length of the hair In the "shears over comb" technique, the stylist should begin the haircut at the - Answer Nape If your client has lice, what must you do? - Answer Refuse service When cutting the hair with clippers, it is generally best to - Answer Go against the direction of the hair growth pattern When using the "clipper over comb" technique, the clippers move - Answer Sideways across top of the comb While cutting a client's hair, if the stylist momentarily stops cutting, what is the best method to handle the shears - Answer Palm them, closed, facing the stylist Thinning shears are used to - Answer Remove excess bulk Using "single-notched" shears will have which of the following effects - Answer Remove more hair than double-notched Using "double-notched" shears will have which of the following effects - Answer Remove less hair than single-notched A uniformed layer cut (same length throughout) is cut at what angle / degree - Answer 90 A haircut using a 0 degree / angle is referred to as all of the following except - Answer Wedge Slithering / effliating refers to the technique of decreasing bulk by - Answer Both B & C (Thinning the hair; Opening& partially closing shears up & down the hair shaft The technical / medical term for the palm of your hand - Answer Metacarpus There are ____ bones in the metacarpus - Answer 5 This is the largest artery in the body - Answer Aorta There are ___ bones in the wrist / carpus - Answer 8 "Fringe" is another term for "bangs" and is generally used to cover the area - Answer Outer corner of the eyes When cutting hair with electric clippers, the hair should be - Answer Dry The neutralizer used in a permanent wave solution / chemical hair relaxer is - Answer Acid Round or circular in shape, these bacteria may appear singular or in groups - Answer Cocci A haircut using a 180 angle will have which of the following lengths - Answer Shorter interior, longer exterior tapering has many different names, which of the following is not a name for tapering - Answer Blunt The proper position for the shampoo cape while shampooing a client's hair is - Answer Over the chair For what type of skin are facial scrubs contra-indicated (not advisable)? - Answer Acneic When the palms of the hands / finger tips are used in rubbing motion, this is called - Answer Friction Often referred to as the "Foundation of Hairstyling" - Answer Finger waving Which of the following will remove the greatest amount of hair - Answer Regular shears The approximate pH of permanent wave neutralizer is - Answer 3 - 5 Which of the following would likely need to be melted prior to use - Answer Wax Paraffin is - Answer Wax You have lightened your client's hair from a Level 3 to a Level 6, what is the underlying exposed warm pigment and what is the correct Toner to create a neutral result - Answer Orange / Blue You have lightened your client's hair from Level 5 to a Level 9, what is the underlying exposed warm pigment and what is the correct Toner to create a neutral result - Answer Yellow / Violet You have lightened your client's hair from Level 5 to Level 9, you then apply a blue based toner, what is the result - Answer Green In the "scissors over comb" technique, holding comb flat against the head will result in - Answer Less scalp visibility / longer hair Silking, refers to - Answer Relaxing the hair with heat The approximate pH of an ammonium thioglycolate solution is - Answer 8.2 - 9.6 About 90% of the scalp hair is in this stage / phase at any given time - Answer Anagen About 10% of the scalp hair is in this stage / phase at any given time - Answer Telogen Although vellus and lanugo hair are similar, vellus hair can be distinguished because - Answer Vellus hair has no pigment A row of Pin Curls going in one direction beside a row going in the other direction - Answer Skip Waves The hair that we are primarily concerned with cutting, is refered to as - Answer Terminal hair Hair cut on an "angle" is also referred to as being cut - Answer On a Bias Which of the following design lines would be used to add weight / build weight line? - Answer Horizontal lines Lanugo hair can be easily distinguished from vellus hair because - Answer Lanugo hair has pigment The primary distinction between vellus and lanugo hair is - Answer Lanugo has pigment, vellus does not Which of the following can be achieved with the "shears over comb" technique? - Answer Layering the nape very close to the skin Which type of haircut could be used to disguise a large chin and / or prominent jaw line? - Answer Chin length BOB When clipper cutting hair, the clippers should be held in what relationship to the comb? - Answer In the same position as the comb This is the widest portion of the head, sometimes referred to as the "crest area" - Answer Parietal The angle at which the fingers are held during a hair cut - Answer Cutting line In hair cutting, elevation is used to create - Answer Graduation When cutting a BOB, Blunt Cut, or Solid Form, the most common cutting position is - Answer Palm Down The most commonly used elevations in haircutting are - Answer 45 degree and 92 degree An angle below 90 degrees, is used primarily to - Answer Build weight Angles above 90 degrees are used primarily to - Answer Remove weight The approximate pH of a cold wave is - Answer 8.2 - 9.6 A "Blunt Cut", is sometimes referred to as / as a - Answer All of the above (BOB; Zero degree / elevation; One length / Solid form