AP U.S. History 1

AP U.S. History 1 Final Exam Study Guide Question and Answer 2023. Federalist’s Correct Answer: Supporters of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central government Hamilton's Financial Plan Correct Answer: A four-part plan to get the nation out of debt and to pay back the money the nation was loaned Role of the Cabinet Correct Answer: responsible for the executive departments that they head, serve as advisers to the president Whiskey Rebellion Correct Answer: In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion. Rise of political parties Correct Answer: Began in the late 1700's, two distinct views of politics occurred between Strict Constructionists, who became Democratic-Republicans, and Loose Constructionists, who became Federalists French Revolution Correct Answer: The second great democratic revolution, taking place in the 1790s, after the American Revolution had been proven to be a success. The U.S. did nothing to aid either side. The French people overthrew the king and his government, and then instituted a series of unsuccessful democratic governments until Napoleon took over as dictator in 1799. Proclamation of Neutrality Correct Answer: - A formal announcement issued by President George Washington on April 22, 1793, declaring the United States a neutral nation in the conflict between Great Britain and France that had begun with the French Revolution. It threatened legal proceedings against any American providing assistance to warring countries. Jay Treaty Correct Answer: Was made up by John Jay. It said that Britain was to pay for Americans ships that were seized in 1793. It said that Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the revolution and Britain had agreed to remove their troops from the Ohio Valley XYZ affair Correct Answer: An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand. Alien and Sedition Acts Correct Answer: These consist of four laws passed by the Federalist Congress and signed by President Adams in 1798: the Naturalization Act, which increased the waiting period for an immigrant to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years; the Alien Act, which empowered the president to arrest and deport dangerous aliens; the Alien Enemy Act, which allowed for the arrest and deportation of citizens of countries at was with the US; and the Sedition Act, which made it illegal to publish defamatory statements about the federal government or its officials. The first 3 were enacted in response to the XYZ Affair, and were aimed at French and Irish immigrants, who were considered subversives. The Sedition Act was an attempt to stifle Democratic-Republican opposition, although only 25 people were ever arrested, and only 10 convicted, under the law. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, which initiated the concept of "nullification" of federal laws were written in response to the Acts. Federalist contributions Correct Answer: strengthing the federal gov, establishing a sound fiscal system, diversifying the economy, seeking a truce with Great Britian, staying out of the French Rev, and the Constitution John Adams Correct Answer: He was the second president of the United States and a Federalist. He was responsible for passing the Alien and Sedition Acts. Prevented all out war with France after the XYZ Affair. His passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts severely hurt the popularity of the Federalist party and himself Decline of federalist party Correct Answer: A direct effect of the war of 1812. Election of 1800 Correct Answer: Democratic Republican candidates Jefferson and Burr tie with 73 electoral votes each (Federalist candidate Adams gets 65); tie goes to House of Representatives; Hamilton hated Burr more, went to House and got more votes for Jefferson; Burr later kills Hamilton in a duel. The tie led to the 12th Amendment. Embargo Act Correct Answer: 1807 act which ended all of America's importation and exportation. Jefferson hoped the act would pressure the French and British to recognize U.S. neutrality rights in exchange for U.S. goods. Really, however, just hurt Americans and our economy and got repealed in 1809. Non-intercourse Act Correct Answer: 1809 - Replaced the Embargo of 1807. Unlike the Embargo, which forbade American trade with all foreign nations, this act only forbade trade with France and Britain. It did not succeed in changing British or French policy towards neutral ships, so it was replaced by Macon's Bill No. 2. Monroe Doctrine Correct Answer: President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility Clay's American System Correct Answer: In his tariff speech to Congress on March 30- 31, 1824, Clay proposed a protective tariff in support of home manufactures, internal improvements such as federal aid to local road and canal projects, a strong national bank, and distribution of the profits of federal land sales to the states. It never became an offical government policy.