OPOTA Exam Prep 2023 Latest Questions with Correct Answers Graded A+

OPOTA Exam Prep 2023 Latest Questions with Correct Answers Graded A+. Considerations for Off Duty Situations - Answer A. Behavior, a. An officer's behavior is often scrutinized by the community even when not on duty b, not only does this refer to physical and verbal actions, but also online activity on social media. c. An officer is expected to uphold the law enforcement code of ethics. B. Situational Awareness, a. An officer should make every effort to remain alert even when not working. b. You never know when you may need to transition quickly from private citizen to a peace officer. c. Make certain to pre-plan with your family should a situation arise while together. d. Create a number of scenarios for your family to practice. e. Familiarize yourself with your agency's off duty weapon policy. C. Be a good witness, a. If a situation arises when police intervention is necessary. Purpose of the Bill Of Rights - Answer A. To protect an individual's freedoms B. To prevent the government from interfering in protected rights Major Components of Criminal Justice System - Answer A. Law Enforcement (e.g. Police Officer, Deputy Sheriff) a. Keep the peace b. Apprehend violators c. Prevent crime d. Provide social services B. Courts a. Hold fair and impartial trials b. Determine guilt or innocence. c. Impose sentences on the guilty. d. Key personnel include judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys. C. Corrections - Responsible for supervising offenders a. Prisons/County jails. b. Parole. c. Probation d. Halfway houses e. Work release programs. Goals of Sentencing - Answer A. To punish the offender and in many cases, rehabilitate the offender. B. Protect society. C. Restore the victim as much as possible. The concept of lawful actions and police legitimacy - Answer A. Lawful: Defined by laws and standards B. Criminal Law: Identify what actions are prohibited C. Rules of agency (Administrative rules, general orders, standard operating procedures) D. Constitutional law (4th, 5th and 6th) E. Police Legitimacy: Exists when the public views the Police as authorized to exercise power in order to maintain social order, manage conflicts and solve problems in the community F. Officers can act lawfully and in the parameters of agency policy and the citizenry still not perceive there to be Police legitimacy - There can be lawful, but awful interactions. 3 Resulting Judgments of Police Legitimacy in Action that Translate into Positive - Answer A. Judgement 1 a. Public trust and confidence in the Police as being honest, trying to do the job well, trying to protect the community. b. Result - Individuals are more likely to become actively involved in Police community partnerships. B. Judgement 2 a. Public willingness to defer to the law and Police authority. b. Result - There is a correlation between those who obey the laws and those who view the police as legitimate; In addition to those who see the Police as legitimate have an increased willingness to cooperate by reporting crimes and providing valuable information known and suspected offenders. C. Judgement 3 a. Public belief that Police actions are morally justified and appropriate. b. Result - Citizens are more likely to cooperate and defer in moments of crisis. Circumstances when Filming the Police is Permissible - Answer A. At least one party to the encounter consents OR B. When officers are carrying out the the duties in public, so long as it does not interfere with the officers carrying out their duties. The Relationship between Race, Genetics and Physical Characteristics. - Answer A. Race is a modern concept used to classify people by similar observable physical characteristics. B. It is not, as many people think, based on genetics. C. Despite surface appearance, humans are one of the most genetically similar of all species. D. Within the human species, there is no distinct genetic profile that completely distinguishes one so-called race from another. E. This is because most genetically influenced traits like hair, skin, eye shape, blood type, athleticism and intelligence are inherited completely independent from one another. The connection between between In-groups, Out and police legitimacy. - Answer A. Some individuals interpret their encounters by Police in terms of their groups social position rather than, or in addition to, the immediate circumstances of the Police contact. Types of Racism - Answer A. Individual Racism, a. Internalized unexpressed biases and prejudices based on race. B. Interpersonal Racism a. Occurs between individuals. b. Includes public expression of racial prejudice and hate made by individual's. C. Institutional Racism, a. Race based, discriminatory policies and treatment that are produced and perpetuated by institutions (Schools, media, government, banks) that result in equitable opportunities and impacts OPOTA Latest Exam b. Occurs within and between institutions c. Includes the discriminatory actions of individuals exercising the authority of the institution (e.g. A bank loan officer representing an institution, treating someone with racial bias; A law enforcement institution treating someone with racial bias). D. Structural Racism a. Refers to the collective way history, culture and institutions reinforce and perpetuate racialized outcomes, even in the absence of racial intent. b. It is broadly encompassing; It touches on all aspects of society (e.g. history, politics, economics) and is the foundation from which the other types of racism emerge. c. Indicators include power inequalities, unequal access to opportunities and differing outcomes by race, whether or not intentional. Components of Biases - Answer A. Stereotypes a. Generalization about the perceived "typical" characteristics of a social category. b. We categorize people by age, gender, race and role. c. Stereotypes do not necessarily have to have a negative connotation, as social scientists point out that it is just a way for your brain to quickly sort people into recognizable groups. B. Prejudices a. An often negative prejudgment based on characteristics such as race, age, etc that is not necessarily reasonable or logical. C. Attitude a. Positive or negative feelings associated with individuals or groups: the tendency to like or dislike, or to act favorably or unfavorably toward someone or something. Biased Based Profiling and Criminal Profiling - Answer A. Bias Based Profiling, racial profiling and illegal profiling have the same meaning and are used interchangeably B. Bias Based Profiling a. Is unequal treatment by a law enforcement officer or any person by stopping, questioning, searching, detaining or arresting him/her on the basis of the person's ethical or racial characteristics, gender, religion or sexual orientation C. Criminal Profiling a. Based on observed behaviors or characteristics D. Biased Based Profiling a. The factors of race/ethnicity bias towards that race are initiating factors for law enforcement intervention