EKG Final Exam Review

EKG Final Exam Review Rated A+ How can cardiac output be calculated? Stroke volume multiplied by heart rate Briefly explain the Excitability properties of cardiac cells. Ability of the cells to respond to electrical stimulation What node is the natural pacemaker that generates 60-100 bpm? Sino Arial (SA) Node The EKG Technician would place how many leads to the chest and how many leads to the limb to obtain a 12 lead EKG? 6 electrodes to the chest and 4 electrodes to the limbs Lead 3 is what kind of lead? Bi-polar lead What electrodes do you combine to form a Lead II? LL and RA Where are the V4 and V2 electrodes placed, on a 12 lead EKG? 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line and 4th intercostal space to left of sternum. Which wave represents Ventricular Repolarization? T wave On a EKG graph, which wave represents Atrial Depolarization? P Wave What is a normal P-R Interval 0.12-0.20 msec Describe a 3rd degree (Complete) heart block? No association between P waves and QRS complexes Describe what a loose electrode looks like on an EKG graph Loose electrode: Artifact caused by insufficeient contact between the electrode and the skin What is the diagram representing? Sinus rhythm with a wondering baseline (Movement; poor electrode contact; Breathing) How many BPM is the following EKG representing? 75 BPM Showing professional telephone etiquette includes what? Identifying yourself and your department whenever placing or receiving a call. How many electroleads are used in a 12 lead EKG? 10 Electrodes What would a "T" Wave inversion indicate on a EKG Graph? Ischemia (Labeled a NSTEMI; Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) What would be the duration of one large box on a EKG Graph? 0.20 seconds What is the normal paper speed from an EKG machine? 25 mm/second What would be the voltage of one large box on a vertical axis? 0.5 millivolts What is systole? Contraction phase of heart muscle Are Mitral and Bicuspid valves a pacemaker of the heart? No 5 large boxes represent a heart rate of how many BPM on a 6 second strip of EKG? 50 BPM The V4R electrode on a right sided 12 lead EKG would be placed where? 5th intercostal space at right mid-clavicular line What combination of electroleads form a Lead III? LL and LA On a left sided 12 lead EKG the V6 electrode will be located where? Level with V3 at mid-axillary line On a right-sided 12 lead EKG what would be an appropriate location to place the V2 electrode? 4th intercostal space to right of sternum Where would the V5 electrode be placed on a left sided 12 lead EKG? Level with V3 at left anterior axillary line If a patient complains of extreme sharp pain in calf muscle during a stress test, what is this a indication of? Muscle soreness due to activity performed during the test. Which electrodes can a telemetry monitoring device have to perform the procedure? RA, LL, LA, RL, V1 Which electrodes are most commonly selected for 3 Electrode EKG? RA, RL, LL Where would the V3 Electrode be place on a left sided 12 lead EKG? Directly between V2 and V4 electrode The EKG machine records which activity of the heart during Holter Monitoring? Electrical activity of the heart How do you calculate the heart rate max? 220 minus age What would the heart rate max of a 37 year old woman be? 183 When is Bundle Branch Block represented? The QRS complex is more than 0.10 second with a notched appearance. What would a significant Q Wave be a diagnostic indicator of? Infarction Particularly in Lead V1, V2, V3 and V4, a "T" wave inversion is a very important diagnostic and could be indicating what? Wellens Syndrome What is the most striking and classic feature of serum potassium? Peaked T Wave What interval would be prolonged due to Hypocalcemia? QT Interval Performing a EKG on a patient who had a heart transplant has 2 Sino Atrial nodes each producing what and how many? 2; PN-Native P Wave and Pd Donor P Wave What would be the heart rate of four large boxes between 2 P waves? 75 BPM What would be the heart rate of 6 large boxes between 2 R waves? 50 BPM While performing an EKG on a patient with a hairy chest, what would be the most appropriate action taken by the EKG technician? To shave the area where the electroleads will be placed. To record the electrical activity of the heart, how many hours will the holter monitoring device be placed on the patients chest? 24-48 hours On a EKG with Lead I, what area of the heart can be viewed? Lateral View What is the result of a normal Q wave? Ventricular depolarization The period for the electrical impulse to travel from SA Node to bundle of His is measured by what Interval? P-R Interval What does a normal QRS complex have and how many? 3 Waves What would result in a wandering baseline on a EKG graph? Thoracic movement with respiration On an EKG graph, what would result in a 60-cycle interference? Electrical interference from other equipment in the room. What would a Lead III Measure? LL-LA A Lead I would measure what? LA-RA What lead is placed at the 5th intercostal space at the left mid-clavicular line? V4 What does the letter "A" symbolize in aVR, aVL, aVF? Augmented Which wave represents Ventricular Repolarization? T Wave What is determined with the calculation of 300 divided by the number of large boxes? Heart Rate A 6 second EKG rhythm strip would have how many large boxes? 30 Large Boxes If the P wave is absent, inverted, buried or retrograde on a EKG stripe, what would this be? Junctional Arrhythmia Describe Ventricular Fibrillation Ventricular Fibrillation: Quivering of the ventricles What EKG interpretation is the diagram representing? 60 cycle interference Leads V1R, V2R, V3R, V4R, V5R, and V6R will be used on a patient who has what? Heart located on the right side An EKG Technician notices a patient with a heart rate of 150 BPM while recording vital signs. What would the heart rate be considered as? Tachycardic Heart Rate (Tachycardia) Describe sinus tachycardia Sinus Tachycardia What electrodes would be checked if Lead III is missing on the EKG graph? LA-LL What would be the appropriate action for electrode placement if a EKG technician discovers a patient with large breast tissue while setting up the patient for an EKG procedure? Ask the patient to lift the breast tissue laterally and apply the electrode as you would for a regular patient Where would electrodes V4, V5 and V6 be placed on a female patient while performing a EKG? Under the breast tissue If a patient is shivering and trembling, what would be the most appropriate action for the EKG technician to take in order to complete the EKG procedure? Place patients hands under buttock If a patient complains of mild discomfort in breathing while in supine position before the EKG technician start the procedure, what is the most appropriate action that can be taken to minimize discomfort? Raise the head of the bed (Semi-Fowlers Position) On a EKG how can dextrocardia be diagnosed? P Wave in Lead II is inverted Informed Consent The patient right to have all procedures explained in detail spe What is it called if a patient is unable to make a decision and have a legal document that has a substitute name of another person to make decisions on behalf of the patient?