NCLEX-RN Questions And Answers 2023 A+ Review Test

NCLEX-RN Questions And Answers 2023 A+ Review Test Isotonic IV fluids NS And lactated Ringers - ANS-Are used as fluid replacement for fluid volume deficit Serum phenytoin - ANS-10-20 mcg/ml Normal glucose Infant - ANS-40-60mg/dl Normal resp for infant - ANS-30-60 Normal temp for infant - ANS-97.7-99.7 What is the antidote for norepinephrine? - ANS-Phentolamine (Regitine) What is autonomic dysreflexia? - ANS-Life-threatening condition in a client with high spinal cord injury Classic symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia? - ANS-Severe hypotension, throbbing headache,diaphoresis,bradycardia,flushing and piloerection. Magnesium - ANS-1.5-2.5 mEq What is the therapeutic magnesium level to prevent seizures in a preeclamptic client? - ANS-4-7 mEq Absent or decreased deep-tendon reflexes - ANS-Earliest sign of magnesium toxicity Calcium gluconate (antidote) - ANS-Magnesium toxicity Magnesium sulfate IV antidote? - ANS-Calcium gluconate IV Acetaminophen - ANS-N-acetylcysteine Most effective if given w/in 8hrs of ingesting acetaminophen Anticholinergics - ANS-Physostigmine Arsenic - ANS-Chelation therapy: carpol cillamine um disodium edetate 4. Succimer Benzodiazepines - ANS-Flumazenil Beta blockers - ANS-(High dose) glucagon Calcium channel blockers - ANS-Glucagon, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate Cholinergics - ANS-Atropine,pralidoxime Cyanide - ANS-Amyl nitrate Sodium thiosulfate Hyperbaric oxygen chamber Digitalis/digoxin - ANS-Digoxin antibodies: digoxin immune fab, digifab,digibind Dnoxaparin - ANS-Protamine sulfate Ethylene glycol - ANS-Ethanol Fomepizole Pyridoxine hydrochloride(vitamin b6) Heparin - ANS-Protamine sulfate Hypoglycemic agents - ANS-Glucagon Octreotide Iron - ANS-Deferoxamine mesylate Lead - ANS-Chelation therapy 1. Dimercarpol 2. Penincillamine 3. Succimer Mercury - ANS-Chelation therapy Methanol - ANS-Folic acid and then folic acid fomepizole Mushrooms,muscarinic - ANS-Atropine sulfate Nerve gas( sarin, soman and VX) - ANS-Atropine sulfate Pralidoxime chloride Opiods(codeine,morphine) - ANS-Naloxone, nalmefene Snakes( rattle snakes,copperheads, cottonmouth) - ANS-Antivenin(crotalidae) polyvalent(equine origin) crotalidae polyvalent immune fab(ovine) Spiders(black widow) - ANS-Antivenin( latrodectus Mactans) equine Tricyclic antidepressants - ANS-Sodium bicarbonate Vasopressor infiltration and extravasation - ANS-Phentolamine mesylate Warfarin - ANS-Phytonadione( vitamin k) Normal neonate HR - ANS-110-160 60 compression are started Creatinine - ANS-0.6-1.3 BUN - ANS-6-20 Hematocrit - ANS-39-50% Hemoglobin - ANS-13.2 -17.3 Therapeutic INR Client with mechanical heart valve - ANS-2.5-3.5 Normal INR - ANS-0.75-1.25 Therapeutic INR to treat A-FIB - ANS-2-3 Normal CVP - ANS-2-8 Elevated CVP can indicate? - ANS-Right ventricular failure aka fluid volume over load S/S fluid overload: - ANS-Peripheral edema Increase urine output that is dilute Rapid weight gain S3 heart soundin adults Tachypnea,dyspnea,crackle in lungs Boundig peripheral pulses What is refeeding syndrome? - ANS-A potential lethal complication of nutritional replenishment in malnourished pt Key signs of refeeding syndrome? - ANS-Rapid decline in phosphorus, potassium, and/or magnesium What is a potential complication of acute pericarditis? - ANS-Cardiac tamponade S/S of tamponade - ANS-JVD, distant heart sounds, and decreased bp 5 stages of grief - ANS-denial, anger,bargain,depression,acceptance what is wernickes (kortakoff's) syndrome? - ANS-Psychosis induced by Vitamin B1(thiamine) deficiency Primary symptoms of wernickes (kortakoof's) syndrome? - ANS-amnesia with confabulation (making up stories) what is aversion therapy? - ANS-when you try and make the patient hate something antabus/Revia onset and duration used for aversion therapy? - ANS-2 weeks pt. teaching on antaeus /Revia: - ANS-avoid all forms of alcohol to avoid nausea, vomiting, death the difference between alcohol withdrawals and delirium tremens? - ANS-alcohol withdrawals is NOT life threating delirious tremens CAN kill you how to remember aminoglycoslides? - ANS-think " A MEAN OLD MACIN" when are aminoglycolides given? - ANS-used to treat serious, life threatening and resilienant infection what most you remember about aminoglycolides? - ANS-all aminoglycolides end in MYCIN but not all drugs that end in MYCIN are aminoglycolides examples of wanna be mycin's? - ANS-azythromycin, clarithromycin, arthromycin toxic effect of aminoglycolides? - ANS-ototoxicity: monitor hearing, balance, and tints neprotoxocoty: monitor creatine (kidney) frequency of aminoglycolides adminstration? - ANS-every 8 hrs when do you only give amnioglycolides PO? - ANS-hepatic encepalopathy ( r/t high ammonia levels) pre op bowel prep who can sterilize your bowels? - ANS-"Neo-Kan" when do you ALWAYS draw the through? - ANS-30 minutes before next dose when do you draw the peak levels of sublingual medications? - ANS-5-10 min after drug dissolved when do you draw the peak level IV medications? - ANS-15-30 min after medication is finished when do you draw the peak level of IM medication? - ANS-30-60 min after injecting it how to take off PPE? take it off alphabetic order - ANS-gloves, googles, gowns, mask how to put on PPE? put it on alphabetic order only that mask comes second - ANSgowns, mask, googles, gloves what are calcium channel blockers? - ANS-they are like valium for the heart. what does that mean? it relaxes the heart what are calcium channel blockers consider? - ANS-calcium channel blockers are cardiac depressants. they are considered negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic. medications: calcium channel blockers, beta blockers what are cardiac stimulants? - ANS-positive inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic medications are: atropine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine what does calcium channel blockers treat? - ANS-anti hypertensive (decrease bp) anti angina anti-atrial arrhythmic ( atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation) what are some of the side effects of calcium channel blockers? - ANS-headachevasodilation of brain hypotension- relaxes heart and bp can you give calcium channel blockers on a client with supra ventricular tachycardia ? - ANS-yes. because the indication of supra ventricular means its above the ventricle which is were the atrial is located. name of calcium channel blockers can be remember by - ANS-anything finished in DIPINE BUT verapamil and cardizem are also calcium channel blockers what do you monitor for cardizemp? - ANS-check bp. if bp systolic is less than 100 hold calcium channel blockers QRS refers to? - ANS-ventricular P WAVE refers to? - ANS-atrial what is systole? - ANS-a lack of QRS depolarization ( flat line) atrial flutter is? - ANS-rapid P wave depolarization in a "saw tooth pattern" atrial fibrillation is? - ANS-chaotic P wave depolarization chaotic P wave depolarization? - ANS-used to describe fibrillation ventricular fibrillation? - ANS-chaotics QRS ventricular tachycardia? - ANS-wide bizarre QRS PVC IS? - ANS-periodic wide, bizarre QRS Be concerned about PVC's if? - ANS-more than 6 per minute 6 in a row PVC falls on T wave of previous beat what are the lethal arrhythmias? - ANS-asystole and ventricular fibrillation ( high priority) what do asystole an ventricular fibrillation have in common? - ANS-they have no cardiac output what is the potentially life threatening arryhtmias? - ANS-V TACH, A FIB, A FLUTTER When dealing with an IV push drug? - ANS-if you don't know go slow EXCEPT adenocard what is the treatment for PVC's? - ANS-lidocaine and amiodarone What is the treatment for V tach? - ANS-lidocaine and amiodarone what are the treatment for supra ventricular arrhythmias? - ANS-Aadenocard/adenosine ( push in less than 8 secs: fast IV push) B- beta blockers ( lol) headache & hypotension C-calcium channel blockers- better for asthma and COPD pts. D- digatilis- digoxin( lanoxin) what is treatment for V FIB? - ANS-YOU DEFIB (SHOCK THEM) what is the treatment for asystole? - ANS-1. epinephrine and follow by atropine ASYSTOLE - ANSATRIAL FIBRILLATION - ANSATRIAL FLUTTER - ANS- NORMAL SINUS RHYTHM - ANSSUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA - ANSVENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION - ANSWhat is the purpose for CT ? - ANS-is to re establish negative pressure in the pleural space in the pneumothorax the chest tube removes? - ANS-air in the hemothorax the chest tube removes? - ANS-blood in the pneumohemothorax the chest tube removes? - ANS-air and blood location of CT ? - ANS-APICAL (HIGH - FOR AIR) AKA APEX BASILAR ( LOW-LUNG) REMOVES FOR BLOOD How many chest tube and location for unilateral pneumohemothorax? - ANS-2 CT's apical and basilar on side of pneumo how many CT and where for post-op chest surgery/ chest trauma? - ANS-assume unilateral pneumohemothorax 2 apical and basilar on side if pneumo(sx) how many CT for Pneumohectomy? - ANS-zero because it has no pleural space When do you clamp the CT? - ANS-NEVER during routine during emergency CLAMP what do you do if the collection bottle gets knocked over? - ANS-set it back up ( is not an emergency) what do you do if the water seal breaks? - ANS-clamp it, cut it, submerge, unclamp what do you if the CT comes out? - ANS-1st: cover with a gloved hand best: cover the hole with vaseline gauze. put a dressing on top tape 3 sides if there is bubbling in the water seal intermittent? - ANS-its good - documented if there is continuous bubbling in the water seal? - ANS-bad= leak you don't want continuous bubbling in the water seal find the leak and put tape on it if theres bubbling in the suction control chamber intermittently is? - ANS-bad= suction is not high low if theres bubbling continous in the suction control chamber? - ANS-good rules for clamping the tube? 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