Psychologists

B. F. Skinner - correct answers Father of Behaviorism, known for the "Skinner box"; or the operant chamber. He described operant behavior which is when the learner "operates on" the environment to produce a reward or punishment. Jean Piaget - correct answers believed that a child's mind develops through a series of stages, in an upward march from the newborn's simple reflexes to the adults' abstract reasoning power. He also thought that the maturing brain built concepts known as schemas. Sigmund Freud - correct answers "Father of psychoanalysis "Proposed many theories including the Oedipus complex, the influence of childhood on personality, the conscious and unconscious mind, sexuality and the stages, and the importance of dreams; As well as his beliefs in the id, the ego and the superego and their influence on people's behaviors and perspectives. Albert Bandura - correct answers Pioneered research of observational learning. Explained that imitation is learned through reinforcement and punishments and that we are likely to imitate people we perceive as similar to us. Leon Festinger - correct answers Proposed the cognitive dissonance theory, social comparison theory and social network theory; all relating to people's behavior. Carl R. Rogers () - correct answers most well-known for his creation of the humanistic approach to psychology. He believed as people we develop self-concepts or relationships directed with the "me" and "I". He also emphasized a person-to-person relationship between therapist and patient. He believed that most people could solve their own mental problems but that it is the therapist's job to loosen their patient's natural mental defenses and roadblocks. Believed that people, sometimes with a therapist's help, can achieve self-actualization to overcome their problems. Stanley Schachter () - correct answers American psychologist most noted for his for his proposal of the two-factor theory of emotion. The two factors are physical arousal combined with a cognitive label. This proposal was a combination of both the James-Lange and Canon-Bard theories of emotion. Neal E. Miller () - correct answers American psychologists who discovered that the automatic nervous system could be classically conditioned. He discovered using a method called biofeedback, a process in which a person is given specific information about current and specific body functions thus raising patient awareness. Miller set the framework in our understanding of behavior and motivation that later became the basis of neuroscience. Edward Thorndike - correct answers Edward Lee Thorndike was born in Williamsburg, Massachusetts in 1874. He attended Wesleyan University, where he graduated from in 1895. He then continued his education at Harvard University. In 1897 he left Harvard and began graduate work at Columbia University. Thorndike studied learning in cats, and earned PhD in psychology 1898. Thorndike observed trial and error learning in cats. He placed a cat in a small cage and observed it manipulate the environment to escape. Thorndike called this learning instrumental learning, the individual is instrumental to produce a response. Abraham Maslow - correct answers American psychologist. He's known for his conceptualization of the hierarchy of human needs. He's considered the father of humanistic psychology. He was mentored by Alfred Adler. Maslow saw human beings' needs arranged like a ladder. The most basic needs, at the bottom, were physical -- air, water, food, sleep. Then came safety needs -- security, stability -- followed by psychological or social needs -- for belonging,