BIOD 121 (Portage): Module 1 questions with complete solution

BIOD 121 (Portage): Module 1 questions with complete solutionWhat is nutrition? - correct answer Nutrition by definition is the science that links foods to health and disease. When is nutrition important? - correct answer from conception to death When considering one's health, five dimensions can be evaluated: physical health, intellectual health, emotional health, social health, and spiritual health. - correct answer physical health - body's ability to perform daily functions for survival intellectual health - the cognitive ability to learn and adapt emotional health - the ability to express or suppress emotion social health - ability to interact with others spiritual health - purpose for human existence, cultural practices What is the difference between food and nutrients? - correct answer Food provides energy in terms of calories, while nutrients are substances found in food that provide the materials for building and maintaining our bodies and regulating of key metabolic processes that sustain life. What two motives drive people to eat certain foods? (it isn't nutritional value) - correct answer taste and texture Nutrients - correct answer substances in food Why do we get hungry? - correct answer 1) hunger 2) appetite hunger - correct answer internal drive often experienced as a negative sensation such as churning, growling, or a painful sensation in the stomach appetite - correct answer external drive often related to pleasant sensations associated with food and can lead us to eat even if we are not hungry satiety - correct answer the feeling of being full hypothalamus - correct answer a region of the brain that plays a role in hunger as well the feeling of being full gastrointestinal tract (GI) - correct answer the main site in the body used for digestion and absorption of nutrients stomach - correct answer plays a major role in satiety and weight regulation (expands as it starts to fill with food adding to the feeling of satiety) hormones - correct answer compounds secreted into the bloodstream by one type of cell that acts to control the function of another type of cell. Hormones that increase hunger - correct answer ghrelin, endorphins, neuropeptide-Y Hormones that decrease hunger (cause satiety) - correct answer leptin, serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK) Leptin - correct answer alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal - produced in adipose cells (fat cells) Ghrelin - correct answer is produced by the stomach and has an opposing role: Traveling to the brain, it stimulates the hunger center as it deactivates the satiety center appetite is defined as - correct answer psychological external influences that encourage us to find food and consume it