NCC EFM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023 LATEST UPDATE.

NCC EFM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023 LATEST UPDATE. Causes of uteroplacental perfusion decrease: - correct answers• HTN • Pregnancy • DM • Hypotension • Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus) • Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors: - correct answers• Maternal oxygenation • Uterine blood flow • Placental change • Umbilical blood flow FHR reflects oxygenation from which intrinsic factors: - correct answers• Fetal circulation • Oxygenation of tissues • FHR regulation Fetal shunts: - correct answers• Ductus venosus- liver • PFO- Right to left atria • Ductus arteriosis- pulmonary a. to aorta Oxygen depletion cascade: - correct answers• Aerobic metabolism • Hypoxemia • Tissue hypoxia • Anaerobic metabolism • Lactic acid build up • Metabolic acidosis Sympathetic innervation: - correct answers• Releases Eip/norepi • Increases FHR Parasympathetic/Vagal innervation: - correct answers• Releases ach • Decreases FHR and transmits variability Early decel: - correct answers• Fetal head compression • ->vasovagal response .