NUR 314 Exam 2 Complete Practice Questions with Correct Answers.

The first heart sound is produced by the: Correct Answer Closure of the AV valves. Normally opening of the semilunar valves is silent, but in aortic or pulmonic stenosis, an ejection click may be heard. An ejection click occurs early in systole at the start of ejection because it results from opening of the semilunar valves. A third heart sound (S3) can be heard when the ventricles are resistant to filling during the early rapid filling phase. S3 is heard when the AV valves open and atrial blood first pours into the ventricles. Which of the following guidelines may be used to identify which heart sound is S1? A. S1 is louder than S2 at the base of the heart. B. S1 coincides with the A wave of the jugular venous pulse wave. C. S1 coincides with the carotid artery pulse. D. S1 coincides with the Q wave of the QRS electrocardiogram complex. Correct Answer Answer: C. S1 coincides with the carotid artery pulse. A. S1 is heard loudest at the apex of the heart. S2 is heard loudest of the base of the heart. Which of the following cardiac alterations occurs during pregnancy? A. An increase in cardiac output and blood pressure B. An increase in cardiac volume and a decrease in blood pressure C. An increased heart rate and increased blood pressure D. An increased stroke volume with decreased cardiac output Correct Answer Answer: B. An increase in cardiac volume and a decrease in blood pressure During pregnancy the blood volume increases by 30% to 40%; this creates an increase in stroke volume and cardiac output and an increased pulse rate of 10 to 15 beats per minute. The arterial blood pressure decreases in pregnancy as a result of peripheral vasodilation. S3 is also normal in the third trimester or pregnancy Which of the following is an appropriate position to have the patient assume when auscultating for extra heart sounds or murmurs? A. Roll toward the left side B. Roll toward the right side