BCEN- respiratory (Board of Certification for Emergency Nursing) A+ Guaranteed.

ventilation correct answers movement of air in and out of the lungs Diffusion correct answers the process by which molecules of gas move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (alveolar and capillary). if ventilation & perfusion match you get diffusion. If they don't match- VQ mismatch Perfusion (Q) correct answers the process of transporting gases to the body (capillary) via the circulatory system. dead space ventilation correct answers alveoli receiving ventilation but not perfusion (pulmonary emboli) ... aka air no blood intrapulmonary shunting correct answers alveoli receiving perfusion but not ventilation (atelectasis, pneumonia) ... aka blood no air Cheyne-Stokes respiration correct answers pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and sometimes rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea (cyclic crescendo) Central neurogenic hyperventilation correct answers a pattern of rapid and deep breathing caused by injury to the brain apneustic breathing correct answers Abnormal respiration marked by prolonged inspiration; accompanies damage to upper pons. kussmaul's respirations correct answers Respirations that are regular but abnormally deep and increased in rate, seen in metabolic acidosis (DKA), blowing off excess co2 biots respirations correct answers irregular respirations of variable depth (usually shallow), alternating with periods of apnea Crackles: correct answers A common, abnormal respiratory sound consisting of discontinuous bubbling noises heard during inspiration. Fine crackles have a popping sound produced by air entering distal bronchioles or alveoli that contain serious secretions, as in CHF, pneumonia, or early TB. Coarse crackles may originate in the lg bronchi or trachea and have a lower pitch. Crackles are not cleared by coughing. Formerly called rales. Rhonchi correct answers An abnormal sound heard on auscultation of an airway obstructed by thick secretions, muscular spasm, neoplasm, or external pressure. The continuous rumbling sound is more pronounced during expiration and characteristically clears on coughing. PaO2 correct answers 80-100mmHg, tells you about oxygenation