NR566 Final EXAM (Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the Family) FINAL EXAM graded A+

NR566 Final (Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the Family) |FINAL EXAM GRADED A+ 2021 1. 2. 3. Testosterone most important adrogen in humans levels remain stable at 55yr 70 yrs men decrease in -strength, libido, muscle mass Androgen Progesterones Refer to endocrinologist Estrogen Shedding of the endometrium to produce menstruation Suppress the LH surge necessary for ovulation what happens in the absence of pregnancy when production of estrogen and progestin is decreased? Advance practice nurses prescribe oral contraceptives for? Progesterone only pills were associated with what problem? Estrogen Replacement therapy (ERT) + Estrogen plus progestin therapy (HRT) increases risk for? Most reactions are dose-related Most are seen in oral contraceptives Cardiovascular + hematological MI HTN Alteration in clotting factors Thromboembolism (Leg pain, visual disturbances, + severe headache) Elevation of systemic BP Gallbladder disease Irregular bleeding Adverse Reactions Androgens Estrogen Drug Interactions NR 566 / NR566 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review | Rated A | Latest, 2020/2021| Complete Guide | Chamberlain College 1. Antacids MOA - Neutralize gastric acid to bring the pH above 3 and inactivate pepsin 2. which antacids have the highest absolute neutrophil count (ANC)? - sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate 3. What do calcium containing antacids needs for absorption? - vitamin D 4. Antacid Indications - hyperacidity, - PUD, GERD, Calcium deficiency, Chronic Renal failure, osteoporosis prevention 5. Monitoring after given antiviral for flu - no flu vaccine for 2 weeks before or 48 hours after antiviral is given 6. 1st line therapy for uncomplicated UTI - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) 7. what causes ophthalmia neonatorum - chlamydia 8. patient education for albendazole & mebendazole - take with a high fat meal 9. patient education for ivermectin - take on empty stomach 10. patient education for ibendazole - don't use if pregnant; use back of contraceptive 11. Aminopenicillins Drugs - Amoxicillin - Ampicillin - Combinations: - Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) 12. Fluoroquinolone older drugs - cipofloxacin (cipro) - norfloxacin (noroxin) - ofloacin (flovin) 13. Fluoroquinolones new drugs - gemifloxacin (factive) - levofloxacin (levaquin) - moxifloxacin (avelox) 14. Macrobid indication - UTI 15. the most common cause of Traveler's diarrhea - E. coli 16. PUD stepped-approach algorithm - Step 1: lifestyle modification/antacids - Step 2: H. pylori testing/PPI - Step 3 (uncomplicated): tx for H.pylori - Step 4 (uncomplicated): PPI continues for 8-12 weeks until healed - Step 5 (uncomplicated, low risk): no on-going therapy - Step 5 (uncomplicated, high risk): PPI or H2RA (smokers, >60, CPOD, CAD, hx of bleeding, ulcers or NSAIDs) - Step 3 (complicated, bleeding): refer to GI for endoscopy - Step 4 (complicated): tx for H. pylori - Step 5 (complicated): repeat endoscopy in 12 weeks to determine healing 17. what causes most diarrhea? - infection, food or drug ingestions, or inflammatory bowel disease 18. symptomatic treatment for viral URIs - decongestant - Tylenol - ASA - Motrin - increase fluid intake - cough drops - nasal saline spray - rest 19. 1st lines therapy for acute otitis media (AOM) & sinusitis - Amoxicillin 20. When aminopenicillins are combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors - their spectrum in broadened 21. beta-lactamase inhibitors that can be combined with aminopenicillins - clavulanate, sulbactam, & tazobactam 22. Penicillinase-resistant penicillins drugs - Nafcillin - Oxacillin - Cloxacillin - Dicloxacillin - Methicillin 23. Penicillinase-resistant penicillins active against - Streptococcus, MSSA, some coagulase-negative staphylococci, peptostreptococcus 24. Anti-pseudomonal penicillin drugs - Piperacillin - Ticarcillin - combination: o piperacillin/taxobactam - ticarcillin/clavulanate 25. Anti-pseudomonal penicillins active against - gram (-) organisms 26. 1st generation cephalosporins drugs - Cephradine (Anspor) - Cefazolin (ancef) - Cefadroxil (Duricef) - Cephalexin (keflex) 27. 1st generation cephalosporins active against - gram (+) cocci 28. 2nd generation cephalosporins drugs - Cefuroxime sodium (Zinacef) - Cefuroxime (Ceftin) - Cefaclor - Cefprozil - Cefotetan (Cefotetan) - Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) 29. 3rd generation cephalosporins drugs - Cefdinir (Omincef) - Cefpodoxime (Vantin) - Cefotaxime (Celizox) - Ceftazidime Fortax) - Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) - Cedax - Cefixime (Suprax) 30. 4th generation cephalosporins drugs - Cefepime (Maxipime) 31. 2nd generation cephalosporins active against - gram (+) - increased activity for H. influenzae - bateroides fragilis 32. 3rd generation cephalosporins active against - uncommon gram (-) organisms 33. 4th generation cephalosporins active against primarily - Gram (+) and but also Gram (-) 34. which cephalosporins are best against gram (+) organisms - cefdinir & cefpodoxime 35. ADR for cephalosporins - serum sickness - seizure - coagulation abnormalities 36. indications for cephalosporins - exacerbation of chronic bronchitis - AOM (when amoxicillin fails) - Sinusitis 37. Pharmacodynamics of cephalosporins - inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall 38. fluoroquinolones active against - Gram (-) organisms 39. Pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolines - Interferes with DNA synthesis leading to inability to divide and ultimately, cell death 40. Fluoroquinolones indications - PNA - sinusitis - UTI - proctitis - bronchitis - skin, joint infections - Travelers diarrhea (!st line therapy) 41. black box warning for fluoroquinolones - tendon rupture